The Long Exile of the Diplomat Su Wu

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The Long Exile of the Diplomat Su Wu

By Professor Richard T. Griffiths


Twenty-five years after Zhang Qian’s historic return to China, Emperor Wu sent another mission to the Xiongnu, the nomadic tribes whose periodic cross-border raids constantly threatened the empire’s northern borders. However, the Xiongnu were neither interested in conquering China nor in adopting its sedentary economic model.

If the Chinese could ease their military response, a peaceful accommodation might be possible. In 100 BCE, such an opportunity seemed to arise, and Su Wu (c. 140-60 BCE) was chosen to lead the diplomatic mission with one hundred soldiers and officials. Su Wu, already renowned for his wisdom, integrity, and deep loyalty to the Han Dynasty, was tasked with negotiating the peace and securing the release of Han prisoners held by the Xiongnu.

The journey to the Xiongnu court was long and arduous, crossing harsh terrain and leading to a land with customs, language, and lifestyles starkly different from those of the Han. Upon arrival, Su Wu and his delegation were received with formalities fit for Han envoys. Yet, Zhang Sheng, Su’s second-in-command, felt the Xiongnu leader, Chanyu Qiedihou, had shown insufficient respect. He conspired with a few disaffected courtiers to assassinate the Chanyu—a plan that was hardly diplomatic. When the plot was uncovered, Zhang Sheng turned and blamed Su Wu.

The Trials of Su Wu

Chanyu Qiedihou ordered the arrest of the entire delegation. Zhang Sheng and several companions defected to the Xiongnu, compounding their disgrace, but Su Wu remained steadfast in loyalty. Despite severe interrogation and torture, he refused to break, even when facing execution. In an effort to wear him down, the Chanyu ordered Su Wu’s imprisonment in a cellar without food or water but he survived by eating the wool from his coat and drinking melted snow. When that failed to break him, the Chanyu exiled him to the remote wilderness of Lake Baikal, a land of extreme cold and desolation, and assigned him a small flock of rams to herd. “When the rams give milk,” he was told, “you may go home.” Life became a struggle for survival, particularly when his scant food supplies were delayed, forcing him to subsist on wild grasses, roots, and small animals. Legend says he used strands of his coat’s hair to fashion fishing nets, hoping to catch fish from the frozen waters. Yet, despite his isolation, Su Wu stayed resolute. Even when a Han captive came with false news that his family had either died or moved on, Su Wu would not break.

Figure 1: Su Wu Tending Sheep. By Huang Shen (1687-1770). Hanging scroll, ink and colours on paper, 94.2 × 101.2 cm, Shanghai Museum, China.

He never parted with his staff, a symbol of his envoy status, using it to herd his sheep and holding it during his daily ritual of bowing toward Chang’an, the Han capital, in honuor of the Han emperor. News eventually reached him that Emperor Wu had died; Su Wu, it is said, was so devastated that he vomited blood. Still, he remained loyal, alone with his sheep.

The Return Home
During Su Wu’s long exile, his fate was unknown back in China, and rumours of his death spread. Emperor Zhao, who succeeded Emperor Wu, never lost hope and continued diplomatic efforts to secure Su Wu’s release, though the Xiongnu, understanding his symbolic significance, were reluctant to let him go.

Figure 2: Emperor Zhao of Han and Officials by Yan Liben (active 640-673). Detail from The Thirteen Emperors scroll, ink and colours on paper, 51.3 x 531 cm, Boston Museum of Fine Arts, USA.

In 81 BCE, nearly two decades after Su Wu’s exile began, a shift in the political landscape opened a path for his release. With a new, more conciliatory Xiongnu leader, a prisoner exchange seemed possible. The Xiongnu, however, insisted Su Wu had long since died. To break the impasse, Chinese envoys concocted a story: the emperor had shot a migratory goose bearing a message from Su Wu on its leg, requesting help. Whether true or not, the story forced the Chanyu to admit Su Wu was alive. After nineteen years, Su Wu returned to China, a shadow of his former self. The emperor rewarded him with a high-ranking position, allowing him to live his remaining years in peace.

Reflection

Su Wu’s legacy has been immortalized in Chinese culture as a symbol of loyalty and perseverance. His refusal to betray his emperor, despite unimaginable hardship, is celebrated in Chinese poems, paintings, and literature. His ordeal resonates as a paragon of Confucian virtues that deeply influenced Chinese society during and after the Han Dynasty, exemplifying loyalty (忠, Zhōng), endurance (毅, Yì), righteousness (义, Yì), and moral integrity (仁, Rén). Su Wu’s legacy endures because it embodies the very ideals the Han Dynasty sought to uphold.

About the author:

Richard Griffiths is Director of the Silk Road Virtual Museum, covering the years 500-1500 CE, with twenty-one exhibition spaces providing access to almost one thousand exhibits. You can visit it here

Home – Silk Road Virtual Museum

Could October’s four events change the world?

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Could October’s four events change the world?

By Sazzad Haider

Four events this October will have a significant impact on the politics of the year to come. The final campaign for the US presidential election has commenced this month. If Democratic President Kamala Harris wins the upcoming election, there will be no change in US foreign policy.

The rivalry between the U.S. President and Russian President Vladimir Putin is unlikely to end. The fight in Ukraine will last longer—until Putin is exhausted and withdraws from Ukraine. Alternatively, NATO could descend directly into war. By doing this, Europe could gain experience with atomic bombs. If Putin is defeated in such a war, the United States may propose another Marshall Plan to rebuild Europe. The effect of this would strengthen the economy of the United States, and at least for the next fifty years, the sole dominance of the United States in the economy and politics of the world would be established.

But according to the latest opinion polls, it is difficult for Kamala to beat Trump. Trump’s victory does not bode well for Ukrainian President Zelensky. Zelensky understands that if NATO does not participate directly in this war, Ukraine will be far from winning and will not be able to recover the lost ground. Trump has already made it clear that he will end this war—he doesn’t mind giving Russia a part of Ukraine. Trump is a business mogul. The huge investments the U.S. must make globally (especially behind NATO) to maintain hostilities with Russia would not be necessary if it were allied with Putin, which yields no returns. Arctic or space sharing: Putin and Trump together can beat the rest. U.S. friendship with Russia can keep China away from Russia. This would keep Taiwan safe, and even allow for the use of Putin’s influence to bring North Korea’s rocket boy, Kim Jong Un, into the fold. In addition, Trump can hold a meeting with rocket boy.

Maybe Iran can also be isolated from Russia so that Iran does not receive any more Russian technology. By keeping Russia out of the Middle East, it will be easier for Israel to defeat its Arab enemies.

This October marks one year since the Gaza attack. Since October 7, 2023, nearly 42,000 Palestinians have been killed, over half of whom are women and children, with more than 96,000 injured. Gaza has suffered catastrophic destruction, with 90% of its population displaced and infrastructure—including roads, healthcare, and water facilities—decimated. Over 40 million tonnes of debris remain, and recovery efforts could take up to 15 years. Meanwhile, hundreds of thousands of Palestinians live in overcrowded camps, battling hunger and disease. Not a single university remains in Gaza. Thousands of Palestinians are also arbitrarily detained and tortured in the West Bank.

Iran-Israel tensions have reached a fever pitch—a limited-scale war between the two countries hinted at this October. If this war does not stop, it will spread throughout the Middle East, which could turn into a world war. Now, let’s see if world leaders can save the world from war. So far, world leaders have incited both sides to conflict, but no peace envoy has stepped in. Thus, the world is headed for an uncertain future—a war that never ends.

This October, the three-day BRICS summit in Kazan was attended by 36 countries, with more than 20 of them represented by heads of state. Russian President Vladimir Putin hosted the summit while Chinese President Xi Jinping, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, South African President Cyril Ramaphosa, and Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian participated. It was the largest diplomatic forum in Russia since Putin ordered troops into Ukraine in 2022.

The summit analyzed the current geopolitical situation, opposed the U.S.-imposed sanctions on China, Russia, and Iran as “unlawful,” and highlighted the need for an alternative payment system. The BRICS countries now represent almost half the world’s population, 40% of global oil production, and around 25% of goods exports. After the BRICS summit in Kazan, Russian President Putin has proven that he is not alone in the world, despite the arrest order against him by the International Court of Justice. It can be said that all countries outside the Western sphere of influence are now on Putin’s side. The participation of Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates in BRICS has multiplied the political and economic importance of the group. The influence of the United States in these two countries in the Middle East has gradually declined, while the influence of Russia and China has increased in the region as well as across the globe. Thus, the BRICS summit added to U.S. discomfort.

About the author:

Sazzad Haider is Writer & journalist, lives in Dhaka, Bangladesh. He is Editor-in-Chief of Diplomatic Journal.

The Leverage Wheel: where Excellence, Trust and Innovation thrive

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The Leverage Wheel: where Excellence, Trust and Innovation thrive

By Dr Maite Ibarretxe

As an individual, I recognize that my impact on global issues is limited unless I can create sufficient leverage. When I speak of leverage, I’m not referring to simply amplifying ideas or solutions. Attempting to convince others to adopt specific ‘solutions’ often alienates those with different perspectives, leading to abstraction and hindering creative thinking. Instead, my efforts have consistently focused on generating leverage through collaboration and enhancing the power of collective intelligence.

Climate change is presenting us with challenges that affect us all, on an individual, corporate, national and global level. While there is still denial or underestimation of the climate risk, the reality is quickly catching up and increasingly visible all around us.  So, even in the most optimistic scenario, it must be taken seriously, and it demands a deep rethinking of our way of life, our achievements, and ultimately the economy that drives it all.

While there are many different interpretations to it, the core challenges remain the same, and can be summarize in one sentence: How do we preserve our achievements and our relevance while we transition towards a sustainable future?

The fear of losing these achievements and facing the unknown makes many cling to what they have and miss the opportunity to explore what could be.

In the political arena we see how these fears are often exploited for short-term electoral gains, fueling further instability into the system while failing to address the common needs we have, that call for greater co-operation, community strength and equality.

Given the enormity of the challenges, facing them head-on as an individual, a single company, or even a single country will not be sufficient without creating the necessary leverage to bring others along.

Financial limits and the supply security and affordabolitly of main goods require combined efforts to mitiagte the risks associated with climate.
These challenges are inherently global as climate change does not recognize national borders To address them and trasnform towards a sustainable future, we need:

  • An all-encompassing vision for our future relationship with the planet, grounded in sustainability and long-term well-being.
  • A compelling narrative that eases fears of losing social gains and embraces change as a pathway to shared prosperity.
  • A clear strategy to realize this vision through practical, actionable steps.
  • Tactical solutions that execute the strategy effectively, ensuring progress is both measurable and sustainable.

I believe that by embracing collaboration and collective intelligence rather than perpetuating outdated competitive approaches, we can find common ground and three elements can help to create the leverage needed to turn these shared challenges into opportunities.


These three elements are Excellence, Trust and Innovation

We can look at them as infinite cycle of interconnected events, starting from the notion that without excellence it’s hard to build trust. Same as without trust, ideas won’t flow freely, and innovation cannot flourish.

Excellence – when we talk about excellence, we often think of strategies, frameworks, data, as well as knowledge and expertise in key areas.

On the other hand, Excellence should also encompass ethical standards, accountability and a strong moral compass together wuth the relentless pursuit of a shared vision, even when the path forward is complex and uncertain. In the context of sustainability, excellence helps to define the criteria for how we approach global problems by bringing together diverse perspectives and expertise in a way that fosters innovation and drives meaningful progress.
All these attributes not only build credibility and trust in the system, they also help create new opportunities.

Trust – Here relationships are at the center, where trust is the foundation of collaborative environments governed by influence rather than hierarchical power.
This safe environment fosters inspiration and pave the conditions for innovation to emerge. There is a significant difference between compromising and uniting people to formulate a common position towards a shared vision. The latter is more sustainable because it becomes embedded in the DNA of those participating in the process. When trust is established, it paves the way for genuine collaboration, where parties are co-creating solutions that are more robust, inclusive, and enduring.
On a practical level, enhances efficiency by shifting from a bureaucratic to a relationship-driven model. This dynamic is evident in the relationships between corporations and other systems actors such as financial institutions or governments.

Innovation-is the lever that can propel us toward our sustainability goals. Innovation must be understood broadly – not just as technological advancements. It is also about new ways of thinking, organizing, and collaborating.
While many companies and individuals still think of sustainability in terms of energy transition, the root cause of unsustainable practices makes us look at our current economic system, which is still overly focused on monetized growth. To truly innovate we must rethink those economic models, embracing integrated value as the norm and adopt orchestration to achieve it. By orchestrating people and ideas, we unlock the power of collective intelligence, creating leverage -both in WHAT we want to achieve and in HOW we can achieve it.

The Leverage Wheel – These three elements are interconnected and thrive in combination with one another. To illustrate how their synergy leads to leverage, I came to design the Leverage Wheel, where these three elements are brought together.
As the model showcases, excellence combined with trust builds efficiency, while trust paired with an innovative approach fuels inspiration. Innovation and excellence together, as well, ensure effectiveness, and the combination of all three provides the leverage needed to achieve your higher goals.
Leverage can be created in many ways and at many levels. Within your own organization or with other companies, within your country or with other countries, in all cases the aim is  to expand our influence or offering or to make resource capacity  more efficient. In all cases it is about orchestration of people and ideas with the goal of achieving something greater than the sum of the parts

Change is upon us, whether we choose to embrace it or not. The environment will not wait; the same as society, the market and other constituencies will not do.

Leverage is essential because the challenges ahead are so significant that none of us should want to face them alone. Competing against each other in an uncertain future will only lead to the destruction of valuable capital along the way.
So, the same as we are already well underway with our excellence strides, my advice is to use the time well and start investing today in the other two elements -Trust & Innovation,
cultivating  trust-based environments, and fostering innovative approaches to unlock your potential and create the leverage needed to reinvent ourselves and advance sustainable development

Using Leverage to unlock the power of Diplomacy for Sustainable Development

Looking ahead, I am hopeful about the future of sustainability. The principles of excellence, trust, and innovation guide my work as I strive to inspire and build collaborative structures, a safe space for experimentation, to maximize impact and ultimately create leverage.

As such, I believe that using leverage to unlock the power of Diplomacy for Sustainable Development can be an important lever in addressing the complex challenges of climate change and growing inequalities. Climate diplomacy unites nations and fosters critical partnerships between governments and businesses, where trust and collaborative efforts are crucial for driving innovative solutions. In a world where geopolitical interests often clash, diplomacy serves as a vital bridge, aligning diverse stakeholders toward common goals. The geopolitical aspects of climate action underscore the importance of these alliances, as diplomatic efforts can steer global policies toward a sustainable future, where innovation plays a key role in building resilient, low-carbon economies and achieving lasting change.

Creating environments where diverse disciplines within the public and private sectors can collaborate using lateral thinking to work towards a greater vision in harmony with our planet is crucial.

An ongoing Diplomat Sustainability Dialogue in the Hague, as platform for discussion, experimentation and collaboration, has the potential to be a powerful catalyst to create some of this leverage, where the principles of excellence, trust, and innovation can converge to create real, lasting change. By uniting diplomats, business leaders, and civil society around a shared vision for sustainability, we can build the leverage needed to help address global challenges effectively and equitably. In doing so, we will respond to the urgent demands of our time while laying the foundation for a more sustainable and just future.

COP 16 on Biodiversity: the world convenes in Cali, Colombia to join efforts towards achieving “Peace with Nature”

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COP 16 on Biodiversity: the world convenes in Cali, Colombia to join efforts towards achieving “Peace with Nature”

By H.E. Ms. Carolina Olarte Bácares, Ambassador of Colombia to the Kingdom of the Netherlands

Colombia is one of the most biodiverse countries in the world, with 10% of the world’s biodiversity located within its around two million square kilometers of land, seas and rivers. Its Pacific region alone, one of the top global biodiversity hotspots, comprises more than 200 protected areas and 11 National Natural Parks which represent the habitat for approximately 1.300 species of fauna and 14.000 species of plants.

It therefore comes as no surprise that our government devotes consistent efforts to position our country at the forefront of the protection of biodiversity and the global climate action agenda, consolidating its active role and strong commitment to environmental conservation and sustainable development.

As I write these words, more than 23.000 delegates, including Heads of State, foreign ministers, ministers of environment and other government officials, representatives of intergovernmental organizations, international institutions, business enterprises, conservation experts, academia, NGOs, local communities, ethnic and indigenous groups, youth, women, farmers, among other civil society organizations, from all around the world, are convening in Cali – at the epicenter of Colombian Pacific region – on the occasion of the 16th meeting of the Conference of the Parties (COP 16) to the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), which initiated on 21 October and extends throughout two weeks, until 1 November.

‘Peace with Nature’, the message that will be sent from Colombia to the world during COP 16, is not only a slogan but a call to reflection based on a recognition of the current unequal relationship between humankind and the ecosystems, with a view to improving it, and to rethink an economic model aiming not to prioritize extraction, contamination of nature and overexploitation of its capacities. 

During COP 16, the Colombian Government will officially present the “Declaration of the World Coalition for Peace with Nature”, as an initiative that seeks to create awareness and global mobilization around environmental protection. This Coalition will serve as a platform for action after COP 16, aiming to involve governments and civil society in a joint effort for the preservation of nature. In this declaration, governments will commit, among other things, to promote the consolidation, strengthening and creation of further ties between countries and regions, as well as stronger international cooperation and greater assistance to developing countries.

Through our Embassy in the Netherlands, Colombia has also disseminated, in multiple scenarios and through different means, the importance of COP 16, the issues that the world must address with it, and the positions that our country has assumed in that regard.

Capitan de Navio Cesar Iregui, H.E. Ms Carolina Olarte Bacares, Ambassador of Colombia and spouse Giovani Calvano. Colombian Navy Training Vessel “A.R.C. Gloria”,
“A.R.C. Gloria” Colombian Navy Training Vessel

Earlier this year, for instance, during the four days-long visit by the Colombian Navy Training Vessel “A.R.C. Gloria”, our “Ambassador in the seas of the world”, to the port of Scheveningen in The Hague, we put in place an ample agenda of activities, including the celebration of our national day and a lecture by Colombian scientist Juan Diego Soler on the Antarctic and climate change, in which COP 16, the role of our country in the protection of the environment and our efforts towards the fight against climate change and the loss of biodiversity were shared among the diplomatic corps, government officials, judges and staff of international tribunals, academic authorities, local community, and strategic partners present in the Netherlands.

We have also delivered this message in cultural events, such as the concert featuring Colombian artist Gabriela Ponce, and through statements before international organizations and tribunals, as well as during exchanges with the legal and academic community, in all of which we have intervened to highlight the role that Colombia has assumed in the development of international law on issues related to the environment and climate change.  

In that regard, I have been honored to intervene as speaker at Leiden University to share the experiences and views of Colombia on environmental protection and peacebuilding, and at The Hague Academy of International Law to deliver a lecture on the interventions of Colombia in ongoing advisory proceedings on the climate crisis before international tribunals.

Later this year, in November, the Embassy will co-organize along with Diplomat Magazine and the International Institute of Social Studies (ISS) an event with the presence of our Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs, H.E. Mr. Jorge Rojas Rodríguez, and distinguished panelists to discuss outcomes, challenges and opportunities after COP 16. In December, Colombia will intervene before the International Court of Justice during the oral hearings to take place in relation to the advisory proceedings concerning the Obligations of States in respect of Climate Change, after having submitted its Statement and Comments during the written proceedings.

The Embassy has also worked along Colombian enterprises and associations to showcase several products which represent not only the biodiversity of our country, but also sustainable, innovative and inclusive business models. We joined the Colombian Association of Flowers Exporters (Asocolflores) during the 13th International Floriculture Trade Fair, and the National Fund for Cocoa (Fedecacao) during the 12th edition of the Chocoa Amsterdam Cocoa Week, where the work of Colombian female cocoa entrepreneurs was highlighted, promoting our country as a leader in gender-inclusive environmental diplomacy.

As the COP 16 unfolds, all eyes are upon Colombia as a “Power of Life”, rich in human and natural diversity, in a unique opportunity to show the world not only why it is “The Country of Beauty” but also how for all humankind, as President Gustavo Petro has said, “this is the time for the protection of life, for Peace with Nature”.

Ambassador Tankevičius reflects on the achievements and future opportunities

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Ambassador Tankevičius reflects on the achievements and future opportunities

As he begins his third year as the Ambassador of Lithuania to the Netherlands, His Excellency Ambassador Neilas Tankevičius reflects on his first two years in The Hague and discusses future opportunities.

How were your first years?

They were quite busy. Many people think of The Hague as a quieter capital, not in the first tier of always-hectic diplomatic capitals. However, I disagree with this view now. Over the past two years, there has been significant activity not only on bilateral fronts but also on multilateral ones. It’s important to remember that The Hague is also the capital of international justice.

Can you say a few words about bilateral relations with the Netherlands?

One could call it a honeymoon period. I couldn’t be prouder of our bilateral relations and where we are headed. In almost every aspect—political, economic, people-to-people contacts, or tourism—there has been significant growth or important developments. It seems that after 20 years of EU and NATO membership we still discover new potential for bilateral cooperation.

You mentioned Lithuania’s successful campaign for membership in the Executive Council of the OPCW. Can you elaborate?

Last year, Lithuania decided to challenge Russia for a seat on the Executive Council. This was a successful campaign that we ran together with Poland and Ukraine. I want to thank every state party at the OPCW for their support, even those who raised doubts and asked questions, as this only reinforced our conviction that this step was right.

Why was challenging Russia important for Lithuania?

Challenging Russia was not the main goal. Lithuania has been a member of the Executive Council before, and we are confident we can be a constructive and useful member. However, by invading Ukraine in 2014 and 2022, Russia broke the UN Charter and various multilateral and bilateral agreements it had signed. Russia’s actions have resulted in the deaths of hundreds of thousands of civilians and the destruction of thousands of residential buildings, schools, and kindergartens.

Additionally, there are numerous reports of Russia using chemical weapons, which is a direct violation of the Chemical Weapons Convention. Evidence is being collected daily to prove this. In this context, Lithuania believes that Russia has no legal or moral right to represent the Eastern European Group on the Executive Council. For our opinion to change, Russia must change its unacceptable behavior. The outcome of the elections showed that the majority of State Parties share this view.

Elections to the Executive Council are held every year. Do you think someone else will step into Lithuania‘s shoes this year too?

I believe so, because the issue at stake is the integrity and respect for the Chemical Weapons Convention and the United Nations Charter as a whole. Lithuania will support the challenger countries wholeheartedly.

You also mentioned that The Hague is the capital of international justice. What are you focusing on?

We are focusing on the ICC, ICJ, Europol, and Eurojust. Given the gravity of Russia’s breach of international law, we joined Ukraine’s case against Russia on the allegation of genocide at the ICJ. We also strongly support the arrest warrants issued by ICC Prosecutor Khan against Russia’s leadership for specific crimes, including war crimes, crimes against humanity, and aggression. Lithuania stands firmly in support of international law, and if a violation occurs, there must be accountability.

The Ambassador of Lithuania, H.E. Mr. Neilas Tankevičius.

Returning to bilateral relations, you mentioned the term “honeymoon,” which is quite a strong word to describe relations between countries. Could you elaborate a bit more?

Indeed, over the past few years, our relations have flourished in every direction. The primary reason for this is that on almost all international issues, large and small, our countries’ positions align, leaving the rest for diplomats to manage.

On the political front, His Majesty the King has visited Lithuania twice in six years. We have also welcomed visits from Prime Ministers and other Ministers regularly. In terms of security and defense, we are grateful to the Netherlands for deploying around 300 soldiers in Lithuania. Economically, the world’s largest bicycle producer, Pon.Bike, has just opened a bicycle-assembly factory in Lithuania. Over time, it will produce as many bicycles per year as the Netherlands needs to import. We are very pleased with this investment, which also signifies Lithuania’s ongoing commitment to attracting top-quality investments.

On a people-to-people level, the number of Dutch tourists visiting Lithuania this year has already broken all records, which is a promising sign for both today and the future.

Building Bridges: Ambassador Jaime Moscoso Valenzuela Reflects on Chile-Netherlands Relations

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Building Bridges: Ambassador Jaime Moscoso Valenzuela Reflects on Chile-Netherlands Relations

As Ambassador of Chile to the Netherlands, His Excellency Jaime Moscoso Valenzuela has overseen a period of significant development in the Chile-Netherlands relationship. Over his six-year tenure, he has navigated the complexities of diplomatic engagement, promoting initiatives in green energy, honoring historical solidarity, and supporting collaboration on democracy and human rights.

Now, as he prepares to conclude his term, Ambassador Moscoso Valenzuela reflects on the experiences and achievements that have defined his time in the Netherlands, offering insights into the unique Dutch culture and sharing his hopes for the future of Chile-Netherlands relations.

What do you consider to be the key accomplishments in reinforcing Chile-Netherlands relations during your tenure? Could you share some of the most memorable or successful projects?

It is challenging to choose the most memorable or successful moments and projects, as there have been many.

However, I would highlight three events that exemplify the strong bilateral relations: our collaboration on green hydrogen, the awarding of the international solidarity medal, and the visit of Chile´s Minister of Foreign Affairs, Alberto van Klaveren Stork.

As mentions, Chile, with its abundant natural resources capabilities to produce green hydrogen in the mid-term, and the Netherlands with the Port of Rotterdam- one of Europe’s most vital energy hubs- have been working closely as strategic partners. Together, we aim to establish a future green energy corridor. Both countries are deeply committed to green hydrogen as a key driver to accelerate the energy transition and achieve carbon neutrality by 2050.

In another significant initiative, the promotion and defense of democracy and human rights gained special significance in 2023, as we commemorated 50 years since the coup d’état in Chile. In recognition of democracy as both a memory and a future commitment, we had the opportunity to present the International Solidarity Medal to 11 Dutch citizens who distinguished themselves through their support for Chilean refugees following the military coup and their dedication to human rights and the restoration of democracy during the dictatorship.

These honorees were selected for their contributions during those years and for representing the wide-ranging assistance provided to thousands of Chileans during that difficult period.

The ceremony was attended by the then Secretary General of the local Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ambassador Paul Huijts, who underscored the importance and emotional resonance of this occasion.

Finally, I would like to emphasize the visit of Chile´s Minister of Foreign Affairs, Alberto van Klaveren, in December 2023. Visits from the highest authority in our Ministry are always significant. His trip allowed us to engage in productive working meetings with officials of the main international organizations based in The Hague, as well as with his counterpart, former Foreign Affairs Minister, Hanke Bruins-Slot.

This meeting provided an opportunity to review our comprehensive agenda as like-minded nations. It was particularly meaningful for Minister van Klaveren, considering he was born in Amsterdam.

What aspects of Dutch culture have left a lasting impression on you? How has your understanding of Dutch society evolved during your time in the country?

Having been based in The Hague for six years, I´ve had the opportunity to gain a grounded and realistic perspective on Dutch society and culture. Two aspects in particular have left a long-lasting impression. 

The first is the Dutch character. The Dutch are open and friendly, which allows for easy and respectful interactions. They are also straightforward and give a clear message, which reduces the possibility of misunderstandings. I admire their pragmatism; when they see that something does not have much chance of progress, they do not insist and quickly look for an alternative. In contrast, in our region, we tend to be more flexible and persistent in pursuing a goal.

Secondly, Dutch society is remarkably results-oriented, which can be seen in the country´s structure and organization, from urban planning to daily life, all designed to meet the ongoing challenges posed by nature. It is impressive to see the infrastructure dedicated to this purpose:  cycle paths, railways, bridges, highways, dykes, and more.

Daily life here follows set patterns, from regular mealtimes and family gatherings planned months in advance to productive work routines and social activities after hours., The Dutch also have a unique connection with nature, embracing and integrating it into their lives. In Chile, while we have remarkable natural landscapes, life is generally more city centered. We are gradually shifting in this direction and still have much to learn, but we are on a positive path.

Future and Staying Connected.

As you transition out of your role, are there any specific bilateral projects or initiatives you hope will continue to thrive after your departure?

I am confident that the relationship with the Netherlands will continue to deepen and that the projects I´ve mentioned, such as the green hydrogen initiative, will keep advancing, bringing benefits not only by diversifying the energy matrix but also by positively impacting people and the environment.

Currently, both foreign ministries are working to commemorate 200 years of bilateral relations in 2025. Although I won’t be present, I am certain this event will mark a significant milestone in our historical relationship. The history shared between Chile and the Netherlands, and their ties could be more well-known.

In fact, our history dates back even earlier than 1825, dating to 14 June 1615, when the ships captained by Willem Schouten and Jacobus Le Maire departed from the Port of Texel and arrived months later at what would become known as Cape Horn. This voyage marked a significant achievement in European navigation, opening of an alternative trading route and advancing knowledge of Patagonia.

Over time, our relationship has seen periods of booming bilateral relations and others in which they have been colder and more distant, especially after September 1973. The return of democracy in Chile was celebrated in the Netherlands, and bilateral relations returned to normal. Today, we can say our connection has deepened, incorporating new agenda items and enriched by the presence pf many Chileans who have made their lives here; from Chilean students attending prestigious Dutch universities; and Chilean academics teaching in various institutions. We would like to highlight all this and more on the bicentenary of our bilateral relations

I am confident that my successor will be committed to further strengthening these ties and enhancing Chile’s image in the Netherlands. For this mission, he will have the support of an excellent team of diplomats and professionals at the Embassy, the Consulate General, and ProChile, who have been dedicated and loyal collaborators during my tenure.

Do you have plans to remain involved in Dutch or international affairs, perhaps in other capacities? How do you see your connection with The Hague and the Netherlands evolving in the future?

The conclusion of my posting in the Netherlands is particularly significant for me. First, it marks the end of my mission in the country where I was promoted to Ambassador, undoubtedly the greatest honor and responsibility of my career. Second, at the end of this year, I will conclude 35 years of diplomatic service to my country.

I am gradually coming to terms with the fact that my daily life will change from what it has been for the past 35 years, and that a new chapter begins, full of challenges, in Brussels with my wife, Radka, and my daughters. Life is an adventure, and I am ready to live it.

As for my continued involvement in international affairs, there is one area I am enthusiastic about. I have submitted my candidacy, with the support of Latin America and the Caribbean countries, to serve on the Advisory Committee for the election of Judges of the International Criminal Court, which will be elected at the next Assembly of States Parties ¿this December. If elected, I hope to contribute my experience to this important work, which will also highlight Chile´s commitment to the International Criminal Court.

Diplomatic Perspectives

As a diplomat, how do you perceive the role of Chile in addressing global challenges such as climate change and economic cooperation?

Chile’s foreign policy operates within an international system and context that inevitably shapes our vision and work efforts. In recent years, global events have influenced how various actors interact within the International System. Given this scenario, Chile´s foreign policy reflects both continuity and change.

Our international strategy is guided by the principle of diversifying our foreign policy to achieve greater international autonomy and thus avoid falling into a relationship of dependence on a particular actor. This position is not new; it has been a fundamental State policy since our return to democracy.

We continue to strengthen our network of trade agreements, which now total 34., connecting to 66 economies, that represent over 88% of the world’s GDP. We value this network and seek to expand it into new areas.

Chile is deeply committed to promoting and protecting human rights, international law, and international humanitarian law while fostering respect for democracy. Our election to the Human Rights Council for the period 2023-2025, with the first regional majority, signifies international confidence in Chile´s activism. We have consistently condemned egregious violations of human rights and international law, regardless of their origin.

Additionally, we have made strides to enhance our foreign policy by incorporating new issues, such as gender inclusion in International Relations, transitioning towards a green and sustainable economy that prioritizes environmental protection and ocean conservation, and taking actions required to mitigate the climate crisis.

Chile is transitioning towards a green and equitable economy, aiming to establish itself as a regional leader in clean energy production, particularly through our abundant natural resources and favorable climatic conditions for producing green hydrogen. We are also promoting lithium on the international stage, another key resource for the global energy transition, where Chile holds some of the largest reserves.

Another crucial aspect of environmental protection is our status as a coastal state, which underscores the importance of oceanic considerations in our foreign policy. In line with our commitment to biodiversity conservation, both on land  and in our marine resources, we have worked to designate large parts of our ocean as protected zones, and we are applying to position Valparaiso as the Secretariat for the Biodiversity Beyond Natural Jurisdiction  (BBNJ).

Chile occupies a unique position within a transitioning international system. We possess valuable minerals now deemed critical, significant advantages in developing green energies, and a resilient institutional framework capable of withstanding abrupt political cycles. Our territory offers natural laboratories for scientific research, requiring the development of scientific diplomacy. With have a strong academic system and infrastructure valuable human resources, and experienced career diplomats, we are well-equipped to contribute to both continuity and change in the global arena.

Saudi Arabia’s Path to Sustainability: A Diplomatic Approach

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Saudi Arabia’s Path to Sustainability: A Diplomatic Approach

Saudi Arabia is taking significant strides toward achieving its sustainability goals, demonstrating a commitment to addressing climate change and promoting green initiatives. The Kingdom has set ambitious objectives, which include reducing greenhouse gas emissions, diversifying its energy sources, and enhancing energy efficiency. Recognizing its role as a major oil producer, Saudi Arabia is investing heavily in renewable energy, particularly solar power, to reduce its reliance on fossil fuels and contribute to global climate mitigation efforts.

Diplomacy plays a central role in the Kingdom’s approach to sustainability, facilitating crucial international collaboration. Saudi Arabia has been actively involved in encouraging partnerships between governments and businesses, focusing on shared environmental challenges. Through diplomatic engagement, the Kingdom supports international efforts in climate finance, technology transfer, and capacity-building, especially to help developing nations advance their climate action initiatives.

Saudi Arabia’s participation in international forums, such as the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), underscores its dedication to global cooperation. These platforms allow the country to share knowledge, exchange best practices, and strengthen partnerships aimed at achieving sustainability goals. Regionally, Saudi Arabia is involved in initiatives like the Gulf Cooperation Council for Sustainable Development, which helps drive regional efforts toward a more sustainable future. One of the Kingdom’s flagship sustainability projects is NEOM, a groundbreaking development that incorporates the highest standards of sustainability and innovation to create a city designed for the future.

The Saudi Green Initiative (SGI) is another pivotal program that focuses on reducing emissions, restoring land, and protecting ecosystems. This initiative brings together various ministries and private sector partners, leveraging their collective expertise to address pressing environmental challenges. Saudi Arabia also launched the Middle East Green Initiative, which promotes a circular carbon economy and ambitious afforestation programs, emphasizing the Kingdom’s commitment to reversing environmental degradation in the region.

As the world prepares for COP29 in Baku, Saudi Arabia recognizes the importance of aligning global finance with climate action. Diplomacy will be instrumental in facilitating greater involvement from both the public and private sectors in climate finance. The Kingdom aims to build alliances, foster collaboration, and advocate for increased financial commitments to meet the urgent needs of climate action. At COP26, Saudi Arabia announced the Sustainable Tourism Global Center (STGC), a global initiative aimed at driving the transition to net-zero emissions in tourism. This initiative, backed by strong international support, is one of many efforts to rebuild trust in the global climate finance system.

As COP29 draws closer, Saudi Arabia remains committed to using diplomacy as a tool for driving meaningful change in climate finance and sustainability. By fostering dialogue and facilitating cooperation, the Kingdom is positioned to play a key role in shaping the outcomes of this crucial global summit.

Louwman Group’s Diplomatic Approach

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Louwman Group’s Diplomatic Approach

When it comes to diplomatic vehicle sales in the Netherlands, Louwman Group stands out, offering diplomats not just cars, but a unique experience rooted in exceptional service and high-quality vehicles from Lexus and Toyota. Mr. van Elk, the representative from the group to the Diplomatic Community, shared some insightful details about what makes their program special for international clients.

A Century of Diplomatic Service and Hospitality

Louwman Group, with its 100-year history in The Hague, has long-standing ties with the diplomatic community. This connection is not just about car sales, but about building relationships and offering personal service that goes beyond the standard dealership experience.

Mr. van Elk explained, “We firmly believe in personal contact, and I regularly speak with new arrivals to the Netherlands, helping them navigate both car-related and everyday aspects of their new life.”

Lexus NX

Central to Louwman’s approach is the concept of Omotenashi, which comes from Lexus and represents the epitome of Japanese hospitality. This philosophy anticipates customer needs before they arise. For diplomats, this translates into practical services like a personal mechanic, complimentary pickup and return, and a personalized experience that starts from the first interaction and continues throughout ownership. “We train our staff to exceed expectations and make every international guest feel at home,” said Mr. van Elk.

One-Stop Shop for Diplomatic Clients

One of the major advantages for diplomats working with Louwman Group is their all-inclusive approach. The dealership handles everything related to the purchase, from financing and trade-ins to insurance and maintenance. “Our clients have just one contact for everything, removing the burden of navigating different systems in a new country,” Mr. van Elk emphasized. This seamless experience is especially beneficial for diplomats and expats who are unfamiliar with the local market.

Built in Japan: A Financial Advantage

A standout feature of the Toyota and Lexus models offered by Louwman is that most of these cars are built in Japan, a rarity in today’s globalized car industry. This uncompromising approach to quality offers diplomats an extra financial advantage thanks to trade agreements between Japan and the EU. Diplomatic buyers are exempt from the 3% import duty typically integrated into consumer prices. “We arranged over a decade ago to deduct this percentage from the net price for diplomats, which is quite unique,” said Mr. van Elk. Louwman handles the entire process, ensuring that it adds no significant time to vehicle delivery.

Toyota RAV4

Popular Models Among Diplomats

Among the diplomatic community, two models stand out: the Toyota RAV4 and the Lexus NX-series, both mid-size SUVs that have become extremely popular. These vehicles are available in petrol, full hybrid, and plug-in hybrid options, with Toyota’s two-decade lead in hybrid technology offering a clear advantage. The reliability and environmental benefits of these models make them top choices for diplomats.

Another model gaining attention is the Lexus ES 300 hybrid, which is becoming a preferred choice as an official embassy vehicle. “The space in the back seats, the comfort, and the refined hybrid drive train have made this model a hidden gem for embassies,” shared Mr. van Elk. Though Lexus may be an unconventional choice for some, those who experience the ES 300 hybrid quickly realize its value as an official diplomatic vehicle.

Louwman Group’s Diplomatic Sales program not only offers excellent vehicle choices but also provides diplomats with a superior level of service that reflects both the company’s heritage and its commitment to international clients. With personalized service, financial advantages, and a range of popular models, Louwman Group continues to be a trusted partner for the diplomatic community in the Netherlands.

It’s all about the little things in life

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It’s all about the little things in life

By Alexandra Paucescu

If I had to describe her in one word, I would say ‘SOLAR’. She is pure joy, full of life and energy and you will definitely agree with me after you read these lines.

Christie Jones, the Peruvian specialized in Public Relations and Communications, who is as well a certified life coach, a nutritionist and a Zumba instructor, is also the wife of a US diplomat. And this is how our life stories change their course, after joining the diplomatic world.

‘I absolutely loved my career, I had so much fun with it.  But the day I became a mom for the first time, I decided to also become a stay-at-home mom. My husband knew how much I enjoyed my career and has always supported me to go back to work and do what brings me joy. As life kept progressing and we were moving every few years, my vision of being a pillar for my family of 6 kept becoming clearer. I enjoy cooking, baking, reading, praying, practicing Pilates reformer and of course, traveling. I love learning and appreciating new cultures and people. I like participating in local charity work, supporting new families arriving at post and taking classes of my interest. I am passionate about food, what it does to our bodies and having a balanced life. I’m also passionate about mental health and the journey of growing into better versions of ourselves.’

Christie Jones in Old city Jerualem.

Husband’s career took them for a few years to Portugal, Honduras, Bolivia, Washington DC and now Jerusalem. Before he became a diplomat, he was a US Air Force Officer, and they also lived in many places across the US, from Florida and Missouri to Las Vegas. 

‘My favorite place would have to be Terceira, Portugal. Portuguese people are so welcoming and kind. We enjoyed all their traditions, wine and food. We had plenty of family time and become good friends with the locals. We miss that place every day. Having said that, we have enjoyed every place we’ve lived in. Some more than others, but they’ve all made me smile and they have all been a learning lesson. We also enjoy taking summer vacations in different places. For our first time ever, we will be going back to the same spot, two years in a row. I think we’ve found our vacation home forever in Greece!

I love to see the world, to try new foods, smell new places, see new colors, traditions and kindness in people completely different from us…to appreciate humanity. I love the childhood my kids are having. I love how they have a broader perspective of the world. Our 4th grader is learning about the Romans and the Colosseo, our 5th grader is learning about the Greeks and the Acropolis, they can both say they’ve been there already. We’ve lived in Tegucigalpa where, at the time, it was the second murder capital of the world and yet we had many happy times with lemon grass plants, avocado and lemon trees growing in our backyard.  We lived in La Paz, the highest capital in the world, where walking sometimes could become a challenge, yet we went on hikes, learned about the Aymara culture and visited Salar de Uyuni, the largest salt flats in the world. We’ve seen first-hand poverty and have also seen gratitude and kindness. We are living in a war zone right now, yet my kids have made good Jewish and Palestinian friends. We’ve been olive picking in the Mount of Olives and swam in the Dead Sea. To me, that’s beautiful.’

That is beautiful, indeed. However, Christie doesn’t forget to mention also the challenges that a life such as ours has, the challenges that not many see or acknowledge.

‘For sure we have plenty of challenges, like reinventing ourselves every few years in places where many times we don’t even speak the local language.  Yet, we must guide our kids through this new “adventure” while everything feels so new and foreign to us.  Diplomatic life can feel a bit isolating, but I’ve learned to branch out, to meet different people from different missions, organizations and try to make local friends. It has not always been easy, like now living through a war and having to run into our bomb shelter every time the sirens go off and ballistic missiles are flying over our homes; or when our youngest boys caught Dengue and Chikungunya viruses in Honduras, or when I used to sleep with an oxygen tank next to my bed our last year in Bolivia due to the high altitude and a heart condition. 

We’ve had plenty of challenges, but the most difficult one would be now for sure. I never thought in a million years that we would be living through a war. There is so much pain around us. Our Jewish and Palestinian friends are suffering, the uncertainty of the war, praying and hoping it ends yet not knowing when we will have to run for shelter again, it can be mentally exhausting.

We’ve made our bomb shelter located in our basement as cozy and welcoming as possible. We have board games, food, water, mats, sleeping bags on the floor, lots of blankets and pillows. We play music for our little ones, Abba or Taylor Swift, so the sound of the sirens and the missiles being detonated above us won’t feel too strong. I thought my worst day had been when the war started at 7am on a Saturday morning back on October the 7th 2023, when rockets started flying over Jerusalem and for the first time, we had to run to our bomb shelter in disbelief, but it was not. It was back in May 2024 when we drove an hour away to Tel Aviv, to spend a day at the beach.

We were swimming and playing and my dear husband had gone to our favorite burger joint in Tel Aviv, about a 10-minutes from the beach, to get some food. Out of nowhere rockets were being intercepted above our heads, though the sirens hadn’t gone off. People froze, we all looked at each other and started running for shelter. The lifeguards started talking on the megaphones, I assumed they were telling people to shelter in the bathrooms, as they are the designated bomb shelters at the beach. It was all in Hebrew, which I don’t speak. I grabbed my kids and told them to run. It felt like a scene out of a movie, surreal. Once the attack was over, it felt so bizarre walking back to the beach, telling my kids to keep playing and enjoying the day, congratulating them because we had run like a team, and we had done a great job. Reassuring them we were going to be okay while I was feeling utterly petrified… that was tough! Waiting for my husband to get back to us felt like an eternity.’

Coke bottle Uyuni

I cannot stop picturing this scene inside my head now… as she describes it… taken out of a movie… but it is reality… and for many it is much worse.

She tries to keep calm and confident, taking advantage of every opportunity to make her life beautiful and meaningful.

‘I’m always trying to learn and become a better version of myself. Last year, a wonderful opportunity came to me that mixed my Life Coaching degree with my PR- Corporate Image experience. It was a part-time, remote job that I could do while my kids were at school. I felt passionate about it, working for a Tech – Education company as a Career Coach.  I mentored young Palestinian IT Computer Engineers from Gaza and the West Bank on how to perfect their social skills before a job interview. It was fascinating! Helping these young men and women get remote jobs in the Tech Industry, where they could grow professionally and make a better living for themselves, was the perfect job for me.

Sadly, the war started, and all Gaza’s infrastructure was destroyed. We didn’t feel comfortable continuing the program with only our West Bank fellows, leaving the Gazans behind. Since then, I could’ve done the same job working remotely with the Jordanian Project but right now all my focus must be on myself and my family, while we navigate these difficult circumstances.  I am prioritizing my mental health and doing things that bring me peace, like cooking, baking, practicing Pilates, watching Netflix, going for walks, going to the old city which never gets old to me, enjoying dates with my husband and small gatherings with good friends.

My proudest moment for sure is our family life, the life we’ve built together. Like we always say, we are not only a family, but we are a team. Seeing our kids successfully navigate through this expat life means the world to me. They are happy, we are happy. To know I have achieved inner peace and joy even in the toughest of circumstances is my proudest moment.

It’s all about the little things in life that really count, in the end!’

About the author:

Alexandra Paucescu

Alexandra Paucescu- Author of “Just a Diplomatic Spouse” Romanian, management graduate with a Master in business, cultural diplomacy and international relations studies.

She speaks Romanian, English, French, German and Italian,  gives lectures on intercultural communication and is an active NGO volunteer.

425 Years of Japan-Netherlands Relations: Deepening Ties in Security, Economy, and Culture

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425 Years of Japan-Netherlands Relations: Deepening Ties in Security, Economy, and Culture

In an exclusive interview with Diplomat Magazine, H.E. Hiroshi Minami, Ambassador of Japan to the Netherlands, offers his insights into the longstanding and evolving relationship between Japan and the Netherlands. As both nations prepare to celebrate the 425th anniversary of their diplomatic ties in 2025, Ambassador Minami highlights the strategic importance of their cooperation in areas such as security, advanced technology, and economic growth.

The interview delves into key topics, including the enhanced security cooperation in the Indo-Pacific region, bolstered by joint exercises between Japan’s Maritime Self-Defense Forces and the Dutch navy. Ambassador Minami also discusses the significance of the Osaka-Kansai Expo 2025 as a platform to further strengthen economic ties, particularly in energy and technology sectors. Additionally, he shares his vision for the future of Japan-Netherlands relations and their collaborative efforts in addressing global challenges, such as the situation in Ukraine and North Korea, through multilateral platforms like NATO.

With a focus on innovation, cultural exchange, and a shared commitment to international security, Japan and the Netherlands continue to demonstrate the depth and resilience of their bilateral relationship.

What is your view of the current relations between Japan and the Netherlands?

For more than 400 years, Japan and the Netherlands have deepened exchanges in various fields, including politics, economics, and culture and have built good relationships.
Building on this foundation, when then-Prime Minister Mark Rutte visited Japan in 2015, it was confirmed that this relationship should be elevated to a “strategic partnership for sustainable peace and prosperity” so that the two countries can promote strategic cooperation in a broad range of areas, including the upholding of the “rule of law,” disarmament and non-proliferation, cybersecurity, and the UN Security Council reform.
Since then, in line with the purpose of this strategic partnership, cooperation has been promoted not only bilaterally but also as like-minded countries sharing common values in the international arena.
In addition, especially in recent years, I feel that our cooperation has been further strengthened under the difficult international environment, with progress also being made in the area of security cooperation, which includes economic security matters. The year 2025 marks the 425th anniversary of Japan-Netherlands bilateral relations and coincides with the Osaka-Kansai Expo.
Cooperation between Japan and the Netherlands in advanced technology and science is also currently underway. I strongly hope that both countries deepen this collaboration to help address various challenges facing the international community.

How has the Japan-Netherlands defence cooperation deepened in terms of the current security environment?

Japan emphasises the importance of strengthening cooperation not only with its allies but also with as many like-minded countries as possible to counter unilateral changes to the status quo by force and to ensure the security of our nation. The Netherlands highlights the importance of cooperating with Asian partners to secure a free and open Indo-Pacific through “Indo-Pacific: Guidelines for strengthening Dutch and EU cooperation with partners in Asia”, aligning mutual interests between Japan and the Netherlands.
Since agreeing to further strengthening relations between defence authorities based on the “Memorandum on Defense Cooperation and Exchanges” signed in 2016, high-level meetings, such as the Japan-Netherlands Defense Ministerial Meeting in June 2024, have further solidified the Japan-Netherlands partnership. The port call of a Royal Netherlands Navy frigate to Japan and the participation of the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force as observers in the “Falcon Leap” exercise hosted by the Royal Netherlands Army were steadily deepening unit-level exchanges. Furthermore, cooperation in the cyber domain is progressing to address new threats.

The NATO Summit will be held in The Hague in 2025. How do you assess the current state of Japan – NATO relations?

In the current international security environment, marked by Russia’s aggression in Ukraine and tensions in the Indo-Pacific, there is a growing recognition among NATO members and non-member like-minded countries including Japan that Euro-Atlantic and Indo-Pacific security are inseparable and that cooperation among like-minded nations is more important than ever.
The invitation extended to the Indo-Pacific Partners (IP4), consisting of Australia, Japan, New Zealand, and South Korea, at the last three NATO summits is clear evidence of this recognition.
To further enhance Japan-NATO cooperation, Japan will advance concrete cooperation with NATO based on the Individually Tailored Partnership Programme (ITPP) established last year.
Japan believes it is important to deepen IP4-NATO cooperation and welcomes flagship projects such as IP4’s support for Ukraine.
Amid the current difficult international environment, Japan aims to further enhance exchanges and strengthen cooperations, including in the security field, with NATO as a key partner that unites like-minded countries.

The Osaka-Kansai Expo in, Japan will be held in 2025, how are the preparations going? What is your view on the current economic relationship between Japan and the Netherlands?

We have less than six months until the opening of the Expo 2025, Osaka, Kansai, Japan. The Dutch Pavilion has cerebrated reaching its highest point, and I understand the construction is progressing steadily. The Japan Pavilion is also beginning to show its full form, and the Expo venue construction is making progress day by day. I think we are now reaching the stage where the preparation of the exhibition contents is becoming the main focus. The preparations for successful business matching among participating countries are also well underway.
Economic relations between Japan and the Netherlands have been very strong. With 700 Japanese companies already based here, the ties are very strong. In addition, many Japanese companies participated in the World Hydrogen Summit held in Rotterdam last May, and I believe that cooperation, particularly in the energy sector, will further deepen. The same goes for cooperation in the field of advanced technologies as well as in terms of economic security. I would like to continue to create an even stronger relationship between our two countries, making use of all opportunities, including the Expo 2025, Osaka, Kansai, Japan.

The year 2025 marks the 425th anniversary of Japan-Netherlands relationship. How do you deepen the bilateral relations with this opportunity?

As mentioned above, Japan and the Netherlands have built strong relations across a wide range of areas, including politics, economics, and defence. The significance of our 425-year history serves as the foundation of our bilateral relationship. This anniversary provides an opportunity to reflect on our shared journey and work together towards an even stronger partnership for the next 50 to 100 years.
Finally, I would like to highlight the cultural aspect of our relationship. We recently launched a public competition for the 425th anniversary logo design, and in 2025, the Embassy will carry out cultural projects featuring the chosen logo. I have also heard the Dutch side is planning additional cultural projects in Japan in conjunction with Osaka-Kansai Expo. It is essential to promote diverse cultural exchanges between Japan and the Netherlands during these milestone years, and I hope that these efforts will elevate our bilateral relationship to an even higher level.

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