A visit to Astana, Kazakhstan

By John DunkelgrĂĽn

When I was invited to cover the Eighth Congress of World and Traditional Religious Leaders in Astana, my initial reaction was, “Where?”

Like many in the West, my understanding of Kazakhstan was hazy at best; I had mistakenly believed that its capital was Almaty. Upon reviewing the Congress’s impressive mission statement, my next thought was, “Why there?”

If this event were truly significant, attracting leaders from numerous major religions, why was it taking place in such a remote location?

Kazakhstan’s ambassador, the affable Mr. Kairat Abdrakhmanov, offered clarity on this matter.

H.E. Mr. Kairat Abdrakhmanov, Ambassador of Kazakhstan.

He explained that Kazakhstan is a melting pot of over 120 ethnic groups, each with its own unique culture and beliefs. While approximately 70% of the population is Muslim, the country prides itself on a spirit of tolerance and respects all religions. “

This philosophy not only promotes peaceful coexistence among diverse faiths but also sets the stage for meaningful dialogue at the Congress, reinforcing the importance of interfaith understanding in today’s world. Our government is secular. If you want to build a church or a synagogue, go ahead. We have learned to accept and respect the many cultures and religions within our borders. So, in the storm of Islamophobia following 9/11, it seemed the right thing to do to try to convince the world of our brand of tolerance.

Astana, Kazakhstan.

I was surprised to discover that Astana is a remarkably modern city. What was once a sleepy outpost transformed dramatically when Nursultan Abishuly Nazarbayev, the first president of independent Kazakhstan, decided to move the capital there, citing Almaty’s vulnerability to earthquakes. He was president from 1991 to 2009 and named his new capital after himself, Nursultan Nazarbayev. Following his 28-year presidency, his successor, Mr. Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, later reverted the name to Astana.

Astana boasts many beautiful mosques, with the Grand Mosque standing out as the largest and most impressive. It is one of the largest in the world. The purposely designed capital features wide boulevards, meticulously landscaped parks, and a striking array of monumental buildings, as well as modern high-rises in a bewildering variety of styles. This thoughtful urban planning not only enhances the city’s aesthetic appeal but also reflects its aspirations as a symbol of modern Kazakhstan.

A market in Astana.
Market in Astana.

The people here are genuinely friendly and welcoming. On my first day, I was recovering from a long night flight, and the hotel kindly arranged a taxi for me to visit the local bazaar. I was captivated by the vibrant displays of fruits and vegetables, and I couldn’t believe the vast sections dedicated to smartphones and accessories. After enjoying the bazaar, I wanted to return to the hotel, but when I called the number the concierge had provided for a taxi, it didn’t work.

Astana city, Kazakhstan.

Not seeing any taxis nearby and feeling reluctant to hail one off the street anyway, I approached a policeman for assistance. He immediately called a colleague, who kindly drove me all the way back to the hotel. Before leaving, he even gave me his phone number in case I encountered any difficulties.

My first visit to Kazakhstan couldn’t have started in a more delightful way, thanks to the kindness of the people I encountered.

Celebrating Bastille Day at the French Residence in The Hague

On the occasion of France’s National Day, H.E. Mr. François Alabrune, Ambassador of France to the Netherlands, hosted a reception at the French Residence in The Hague. The event brought together more than 200 distinguished guests from the diplomatic, military, judicial, economic, cultural, and institutional spheres.

Among those in attendance were the Dutch Minister of Foreign Affairs, H.E. Caspar Veldkamp, Mr. Fernando Arias González, Director-General of the OPCW; Dr. Marcin Czepelak, Secretary-General of the Permanent Court of Arbitration; H.E. Ms. Graciela Gatti, President of the United Nations International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals; Mr. Philippe Gautier, Registrar of the International Court of Justice; Prof. Jean-Marc Thouvenin, Secretary-General of The Hague Academy of International Law; Mr. Jan van Zanen, Mayor of The Hague; and H.E. Dr. Jan Anthonie Bruijn, President of the Senate of the Netherlands.

The reception highlighted the enduring friendship and partnership between France and the Netherlands. Both Ambassador Alabrune and the Dutch Foreign Minister delivered well-received speeches reflecting on the shared values, history, and growing cooperation between the two nations. Their remarks emphasized collaboration in fields such as sustainable energy, food technologies, culture, and security. The Ambassador also underscored the flourishing artistic exchange between France and the Netherlands, mentioning recent partnerships between the Centre Pompidou and the Rijksmuseum.

Ambassador Alabrune warmly acknowledged the close cooperation between the intelligence services of both countries and congratulated the Netherlands on its successful organization of last month’s NATO Summit. He further praised the international institutions based in The Hague—such as the ICJ, ICC, OPCW, Eurojust, Europol, and The Hague Academy—for embodying the principles of international law and multilateralism. Special recognition was given to Mr. Fernando Arias for his “extraordinary achievements” as Director-General of the OPCW, as his mandate approaches its conclusion later this year.

Welcoming Minister Plenipotentiary of St Maarten, Gracita Arrindell

Looking to the future, the Ambassador highlighted joint Franco-Dutch projects in science and technology, including research in sustainable aviation, marine innovation, and renewable energy. He concluded by expressing gratitude to his team, partners, and sponsors, whose support made the National Day celebrations possible.

The Dutch Minister of Foreign Affairs, delivering his remarks in flawless French, congratulated France on its National Day and reaffirmed the ever-strengthening ties of friendship and cooperation between the two nations.

The reception, hosted in the warm setting of the French Residence, was the legendary celebration of Bastille Day and  a joyful occasion for guests to reconnect, exchange ideas, and renew their commitment to a shared future of partnership and peace.

Uzbekistan National Day Celebration 2025

Yangi Uzbekiston – New Uzbekistan

By Roy Lie Atjam

Brussels, 4 September 2025.The Ambassador of Uzbekistan in Belgium, the Netherlands,  Luxembourg, the EU and NATO, H.E. Mr. Gayrat Fazilov, hosted a reception on the occasion of the 34rd Anniversary of Independence of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

On the heels of the magnificent  IV Tashkent International  Investment Forum 2025-TIIF, it is now time to celebrate Uzbekistan’s 34th anniversary of state independence.

This what Ambassador Gayrat Fazilov, said in his welcome address

“First of all, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to all representatives of the European Union, the European Parliament, the Kingdom of Belgium, Your Excellencies the ambassadors, all our friends, and dear compatriots for participating in today’s solemn event on this joyful day for all of us.

Today we celebrate the 34th anniversary of our Independence. At these moments we realize even more deeply the enormous historical significance of our priceless treasure – national independence.

Thanks to independence, our national statehood has been revived. Uzbekistan has entered a new historical era and taken a worthy place in the world community. And we have every right to be proud of this.

In recent years, we have made huge strides towards building a New Uzbekistan, and are actively working to build a country with a powerful economy, competitive industry, and a stable financial system that is attractive to investors in all areas.

Over the past eight years, through hard, persistent work, we have revived many sectors of our economy. During this period, $230 billion in investment was attracted, of which more than $120 billion was foreign investment.

At a time when the world economy is going through an extremely difficult period due to various conflicts and confrontations, our economy grew by 7.2 percent in the first half of the year.

Our gross domestic product has doubled in the last eight years, and we have set a goal of reaching $200 billion by 2030.

The effectiveness of reforms in New Uzbekistan is also reflected in international ratings. Over the past five years, we have risen by 48 positions in the Index of Economic Freedom. In the Harvard Index of Economic Complexity, we have improved our rating by 28 points. S&P has raised Uzbekistan’s sovereign rating forecast from “stable” to “positive”.

In short, we are taking all necessary measures to ensure that the principle of “New Uzbekistan – a country of great investment opportunities” is translated into practical results.

Today, in building the New Uzbekistan, we focus on five priority areas. These are, first of all, the formation of a quality education system, business development, the creation of a fair judicial system free from corruption, a radical improvement in healthcare, and ensuring environmental sustainability.

Uzbekistan is determined to continue working on joining the World Trade Organization and in this process we count on the strong support of the European Union and its member countries. We expect to complete negotiations and sign a protocol with the EU in the near future.

Eight years ago, we defined Central Asia as a priority area of Uzbekistan’s foreign policy. On this basis, we have radically improved friendly relations with our neighbors.

Thanks to our joint tireless efforts, the dream of a New Central Asia, where countries develop steadily in peace and harmony, is becoming a reality. Our region is dynamically developing as one of the centers of economic growth and investment activity.

Based on today’s unique historical opportunities, we will continue our efforts to strengthen a comprehensively healthy political atmosphere in Central Asia, a free and secure future for future generations.

Relations with countries in neighboring regions, countries of South Asia, the Middle East, and the Caucasus have developed significantly. Strengthening regional unity in Central Asia and comprehensive ties between our region and the South Caucasus opens up new strategic opportunities for deepening our connectivity with Europe and the EU countries. This is confirmed by the results of the recent trilateral summit of Uzbekistan-Turkmenistan-Azerbaijan in Avaza.

Today, political, economic, cultural and humanitarian ties with all leading European countries are consistently expanding, and plans are being implemented to increase dialogue and mutually beneficial cooperation with Belgium, as well as with the Netherlands and Luxembourg.

We place great value on the strong mutual trust and understanding established with Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg.

Regular political dialogue, exchanges of visits at various levels, economic missions and cultural interaction contribute to further rapprochement between our countries and peoples.

We welcome the opening of the Benelux-Uzbekistan Chamber of Commerce in Tashkent and hope that its work will help attract a large number of companies from the Benelux countries to the market of Uzbekistan and all of Central Asia.

I am confident that forthcoming engagements at both high and top levels will further enhance the prospects for implementing mutually beneficial joint projects and programs.

Uzbekistan’s relations with the European Union have acquired a completely new dynamic. This year we successfully held the first official summit in the “Central Asia – European Union” format in Samarkand. Undoubtedly, this event and the visit of the President of the European Council, Mr. Antonio Costa, and the President of the European Commission, Ms. Ursula von der Leyen, opened a new chapter in relations between the two regions, raising them to the level of strategic partnership.

Taking this opportunity, I would like to especially thank our European partners and the European Union for their assistance in implementing irreversible democratic and socio-economic reforms in Uzbekistan, as well as for their commitment to supporting the strengthening of the sovereignty and independence of our state.

The leadership of Uzbekistan is firmly committed to further expanding and deepening effective partnership with the European Union in all areas without exception.

Uzbekistan fully supports the Global Gateway strategy of the European Union, takes the most active part in efforts to strengthen the connectivity of Central Asia with Europe, and the earliest practical implementation of partnership in the field of critical raw materials.

This autumn, Uzbekistan will host very important major forums designed to fill our strategic partnership with new mutually beneficial projects: the Central Asian-EU Economic Forum and the Investor Forum on Sustainable Transport Connectivity.

I am confident that the upcoming signing of the Enhanced Partnership and Cooperation Agreement between Uzbekistan and the European Union and its member states will take our cooperation to an even higher and qualitatively new level.”

The Chief of Protocol of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Belgium Pierre Cartuyvels and  Ms. Audrone Perkauaskiene Deputy Managing Director for Eastern Europe and Russia, also addressed the audience.

President Shavkat Mirziyoyev in his Independence Day message expressed confidence that the state and society of theNew Uzbekistan will become a strong bridge connecting the glorious history of the country with a new, even brighter period of Renaissance. 

Addressing young people, the President said:-“Our dear children, always remember: happiness comes only to those who are determined, and victory comes only to those who fight! The future is created by the brave, and history is created by the victors. Always strive forward! The motherland, the people, and the President will always be a reliable support and backing for you in your good endeavors.”

Brazil Celebrates 203 Years of Independence

In celebration of the 203rd Anniversary of the Independence of the Federative Republic of Brazil, H.E. Ambassador Fernando Simas MagalhĂŁes invites guests to a reception at the Grand Hotel Amrâth Kurhaus, Scheveningen-The Hague on Friday, September 5, 2025.

Ambassador Fernando Simas MagalhĂŁes proudly welcomed the numerous guests, expressing sincere gratitude for their attendance.

Matilde Simas MagalhĂŁes, H.E. Fernando Simas MagalhĂŁes, ambassador of Brazil and the Mayor of The Hague, Jan van Zanen.

The reception brought together approximately 350 guests, including government authorities, senior private-sector representatives, cultural leaders, members of the diplomatic corps, and the Brazilian community. The Embassy was honored by the presence of H.R.H. Prince Jaime de Bourbon de Parme, who delivered a keynote alongside the host of the evening, H.E. Ambassador Fernando Simas MagalhĂŁes. The evening’s master of ceremonies was the Brazilian diplomat Felipe Ferreira Marques.

H.R.H. Prince Jaime de Bourbon de Parme at Brazil National Day 2025.

This year’s celebration highlighted Brazil’s commitment to sustainability and climate action in the lead-up to COP30, to be held this November2025 in BelĂ©m, Pará. The Kurhaus in Scheveningen, overlooking the North Sea, provided a symbolic venue to reaffirm shared responsibility in addressing climate challenges, including sea-level rise.

The artistic program featured the Brazilian national anthem performed by soprano Carla Maffioletti (formerly a soloist with conductor AndrĂ© Rieu) and the Dutch national anthem performed by Femke Smit, Edison Prize 2024 (Best Vocalist), who has sung for former Queen Beatrix together with Roda da Holanda.

H.E. Ms. Sally Loo Hui, Ambassador of Panama, H.E. Mr. Paul Teesalu, Ambassador of Estonia, H.E. Ms Eva Silva Walter, Ambassador of Cuba and H.E. Mr. Kairat Abdrakhmanov, Ambassador of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Mrs. Jaana Similä and H.E. Mr. Ilkka-Pekka Antero Simila, Ambassador of Finland together with H.E. Mr. Georges Adam, Ambassador of the Kingdom of Belgium.

The cultural agenda also included a performance by Roda da Holanda, a renowned group dedicated to Brazilian music that will celebrate its 10th anniversary in 2025, further enriching the evening with a festive atmosphere of cultural exchange.

Guests enjoyed a curated selection of Brazilian wines and gastronomy, with the support of Miolo Vineyard. Brazilian wine has earned growing international recognition: at the Decanter World Wine Awards 2024, Brazil increased its medal count by 39, and in 2025 the country secured a Gold (96 points) for Maria Maria Isabela Syrah 2023 and 48 Silver medals. Brazilian producers are also advancing sustainability: in the country’s main southern wine regions, most vineyards are rain-fed (no irrigation), and peer-reviewed life-cycle assessments are mapping environmental hotspots to guide reductions in energy, water and packaging impacts across the winery stage.

The evening also showcased the excellence of Brazilian orange juice, with Cutrale providing guests the opportunity to experience one of Brazil’s most emblematic and globally renowned products.

Singer Femke Smit.

Embassy of Rwanda at Embassy Festival 2025

On 6 September 2025, the Embassy of the Republic of Rwanda proudly took part in the Embassy Festival in The Hague, where more than 50 nations came together at the historic Lange Voorhout to celebrate global culture and diversity.

Ambassador Lambert Dushimimana, together with the Embassy team, warmly welcomed visitors and shared insights into Rwanda’s history, culture, people, and natural beauty, as well as its dynamic business and investment opportunities. The Rwanda Pavilion offered a true taste of Rwanda — where heritage, innovation, and hospitality come together.

The Ambassador of South Africa, H.E. Vusi Madonsela visiting Rwanda stand at Embassy Festival 2025.

At the Rwanda Pavilion, visitors were treated to an inspiring program showcasing the very best of Rwanda. Guests enjoyed Rwanda’s world-renowned specialty coffee served by Brewanda, explored breathtaking travel opportunities with Visit Rwanda, and discovered unique Made in Rwanda products — from stylish fashion, handbags, and accessories by Sankoshi to authentic African delicacies, snacks, and spices from Nomadika.

Visit Rwanda 2025.

Thai Ambassador, Westland Mayor Advance Green Cooperation

On 11 September 2025, H.E. Mr. Asi Mamanee, Ambassador of Thailand, met with Mr. Bouke Arends, Mayor of Westland, to exchange views on Westland’s success as a global hub for horticulture. The meeting highlighted opportunities for agricultural cooperation and ways to expand collaboration within the Global Alliance of Horticultural Regions.

Discussions focused on sustainable agriculture and advanced greenhouse technology — key areas that can contribute to the development of Thailand’s horticultural sector and further strengthen bilateral agricultural cooperation. On this occasion, Ambassador Mamanee also invited Dutch partners to take part in the Udon Thani International Horticultural Expo 2026, which will provide a valuable platform for expanding collaboration and promoting sustainable knowledge exchange in horticulture.

The Mayor of Westland and the Thai Ambassador.

The Westland region is widely recognized as a global leader in greenhouse horticulture, renowned for its expertise in cultivating vegetables, flowers, and plants. As a center of advanced technology, innovation, and sustainable practices, Westland enhances the Netherlands’ position as one of the world’s foremost exporters of agricultural products.

The Embassy of the Slovak Republic in The Hague Celebrates National Day with Jazz Concert

On the occasion of the Day of the Constitution of the Slovak Republic, the Embassy of Slovakia in The Hague hosted a festive evening at the historic Kloosterkerk. H.E. Mr. Juraj PodhorskĂ˝, Ambassador of the Slovak Republic to the Kingdom of the Netherlands, welcomed guests to a cultural celebration featuring the acclaimed Slovak jazz duo Lash&Grey.

The duo, widely recognized as one of Slovakia’s most celebrated musical duo, has gained international acclaim for their emotionally rich songwriting, genre-blending sound, and magnetic live performances. Their music redefines the sound of modern soul and jazz, carrying the voice of a new generation of Slovak artists to audiences across Europe and beyond.

In his address, Ambassador PodhorskĂ˝ highlighted the deeper meaning of the evening:

“On the 1st of September, Slovakia remembers the adoption of its Constitution, a defining moment in our modern history. Yet tonight, I would like to speak not so much about laws or political frameworks, but about something more universal – the way culture shapes who we are, and how we connect to one another. Culture, as the great Dutch humanist Erasmus observed centuries ago, is the common bond of humanity. It transcends borders, languages, and forms. It creates bridges and deepens relations where dialogue alone may fail.”

The Ambassador also reflected on milestones of shared memory and cultural cooperation. Marking the 80th anniversary of the end of the Second World War, he underlined the enduring value of peace, while celebrating the 25th anniversary of the Danubiana Meulensteen Museum of Modern Art – a cultural gem on the banks of the Danube, symbolizing Slovak–Dutch cultural ties.

Ambassador PodhorskĂ˝ referred to the Biennial of Illustration Bratislava, an international competition and exhibition that has inspired generations of children worldwide. He was pleased to note that award-winning works by Slovak illustrators were displayed within Kloosterkerk itself, transforming the venue into a gallery of art and wonder.

The evening also highlighted the bonds between Slovak and Dutch youth. Many young Slovaks, studying at Dutch universities, enrich bilateral relations by building friendships that will endure across lifetimes.

Introducing Lash&Grey, the Ambassador described their music as:

“A rare alchemy – simultaneously fresh and bold, yet deeply rooted in tradition. It carries across borders and generations, reminding us that the story of culture is always being written anew.”

The concert drew a distinguished audience, including ambassadors, diplomats, heads of international and European organizations, Dutch officials from various ministries, and members of the Slovak community. Guests remained after the performance to enjoy a warm reception, where authentic Slovak cuisine and hospitality complemented the evening of music and art.

The celebration elegantly underscored the richness of Slovak culture, the friendship between Slovakia and the Netherlands, and the universal language of music.

From The Hague To International Tropical Fruits Network-TFNet

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Advancing Agriculture Through Diplomacy and Leadership

For Muhamed Salim bin Mohd Ali, agriculture has always been more than crops and commodities. It is about markets, diplomacy, and building bridges across borders. His professional journey — from a diplomatic posting in Europe to leading a global network — reflects that conviction.

From March 2020 to March 2024, Salim served as Malaysia’s Agriculture Counsellor at the Embassy of Malaysia in The Hague, a role that placed him at the heart of one of the world’s most competitive food and agriculture markets. His work went beyond traditional diplomacy: he spearheaded the promotion and marketing of Malaysian agricultural products, championed efforts to open new market access across the United Kingdom, Europe, and Russia, and resolved trade issues affecting Malaysia’s agriculture sector. In an era of shifting supply chains and growing demands for sustainability, his mission was clear — to strengthen Malaysia’s agricultural presence on the global stage.

Upon his return, Salim joined the International Division of the Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security, where he continued to navigate the complexities of international trade. He served as lead negotiator for the Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) chapters in key Free Trade Agreements (FTAs), including the Malaysia-Korea FTA, the Malaysia-EU FTA, and Costa Rica’s accession to the CPTPP. He also played a central role as Malaysia’s focal point for agricultural matters in the World Trade Organization (WTO), ensuring that national interests were safeguarded in global negotiations.

This combination of diplomacy, negotiation, and strategic vision has now culminated in his appointment, on 1 July 2025, as Chief Executive Officer of the International Tropical Fruits Network (TFNet).

Founded in 2000 under the auspices of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, TFNet is an intergovernmental and inter-institutional organization headquartered in Malaysia. Its mission is to promote the sustainable production, marketing, and trade of tropical fruits through capacity building, policy development, and research. Today, TFNet unites member countries, industry players, and researchers to address issues ranging from market access and value chain development to climate resilience and food security.

Malaysian tropical fruits at MFFE 2023

A flagship event under TFNet’s banner is the International Symposium on Tropical Fruits (ISTF), held every year.

 The upcoming ISTF 2025, hosted by Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia, on 23-25 September 2025, will bring together scientists, policymakers, and industry leaders to explore innovation, sustainability, and trade opportunities. With the theme “Advancing the Global Production and Trade of Minor Tropical Fruits for Sustainable Markets”, the symposium will spotlight the untapped commercial potential of minor tropical fruits, positioning them as the next frontier in global agriculture. ISTF2025 will be a hybrid event, and participants can register at www.itfnet.org/istf2025.

For Salim, the event marks both a professional milestone and a symbol of continuity. “My years as a diplomat and trade negotiator taught me the importance of access — access to markets, to technology, and to fair opportunities,” he reflects.

“At TFNet, I want to bring that spirit of inclusion and collaboration, to ensure tropical fruits take their rightful place in the global food system.”

From forging market access in Europe to shaping trade agreements, and now steering TFNet toward an essential international symposium, Muhamed Salim’s path has been defined by a singular purpose: advancing agriculture as a driver of shared prosperity.

Uphold the Authority of UNGA Resolution 2758 to defend outcomes of the Victory of WWII

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By H.E. Mr. Tan Jian, Ambassador of the People’s Republic of China to the Kingdom of the Netherlands

This year marks the 80th anniversary of the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War and the founding of the United Nations. On August 15, the Netherlands commemorated National Remembrance in the Hague. China and the Netherlands fought alongside each other in the Asian theatre in WWII.

This year also marks the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and restoration of Taiwan from Japanese occupation. Taiwan’s restoration to China is a victorious outcome of WWII and an integral part of the postwar international order.

Recently, Taiwan’s Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) authorities, for the purpose of seeking “independence”, have deliberately distorted and challenged One-China principle and UNGA Resolution 2758 by publishing article in Dutch media. In view of this, I would like to share some facts and elaborate on China’s position:

In 1943, China, the United States, and the United Kingdom issued the Cairo Declaration, which explicitly stipulated that Taiwan, stolen by Japan, should be restored to China. In July 1945, China, the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union issued the Potsdam Proclamation, in which reaffirms that the terms of the Cairo Declaration must be carried out. In August 1945, Japan accepted the Potsdam Proclamation and announced its unconditional surrender. In September, Japan signed the Instrument of Surrender, committing to “faithfully fulfill the obligations laid down in the Potsdam Proclamation”. In October, the Chinese government announced that it was resuming the exercise of sovereignty over Taiwan. From that point forward, China had recovered Taiwan de jure and de facto through a host of documents with international legal effect.

In 1971, the United Nations General Assembly adopted Resolution 2758, which undertook “to restore all its rights to the People’s Republic of China and to recognize the representatives of its Government as the only legitimate representatives of China to the United Nations, and to expel forthwith the representatives of Chiang Kai-shek from the place which they unlawfully occupy at the United Nations and in all the organizations related to it”. The Netherlands was among the countries that voted in favor.

This resolution settled once and for all the political, legal and procedural issues of China’s representation in the UN, and it covered the whole country, including Taiwan. It also spelled out that China has one single seat in the UN, so there is no such thing as “two Chinas” or “one China, one Taiwan”.

Resolution 2758 is a political document encapsulating the One-China principle whose legal authority leaves no room for doubt and has been acknowledged worldwide. Taiwan does not have any ground, reason, or right to join the UN, or any other international organization whose membership is confined to sovereign states, including World Health Organization, International Civil Aviation Organization etc.

The One-China principle represents the universal consensus of the international community. It constitutes a very basic norm of international relations. There is but one China, and Taiwan is part of China. This is an indisputable fact supported by history, the law and international community. Taiwan has never been a state, its status as part of China is unalterable. Any attempt to distort these facts and dispute or deny the One-China principle will end in failure.