Dutch Official to the USA

  Their Majesties King Willem-Alexander and Queen Máxima paid an official visit to the United States of America from Monday, 1 June to Wednesday, 3 June 2015. The King and Queen visited Washington, D.C. where they held a meeting with President Barack Obama at the White House. King Willem-Alexander, Queen Máxima and US President Obama  © ANP, Robin van Lonkhuijsen Grand Rapids and Chicago-  They were be accompanied by the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Bert Koenders. The Netherlands is celebrating the 70th anniversary of its liberation in 2015, so time was set aside during the visit to reflect on the major role played by the US in restoring the country’s independence. The visit will be an opportunity to thank the US for its contribution to 70 years of peace and freedom in The Netherlands and Europe. The visit also focused on the economic ties between the two countries. An economic mission on the themes ‘Feeding the City’ and ‘Healthy Ageing’ took place at the same time as the official visit. Representatives joined the mission from the top sectors agri-food, horticulture & propagation materials, life sciences & health, chemicals, and high-tech systems & materials. The mission visited Chicago under the leadership of Edith Schippers, the Netherlands’ Minister of Health, Welfare and Sport. In Grand Rapids Simon Smits, Director-General for Foreign Economic Relations, will take over the mission leadership. In the week preceding this visit to the US, the King and Queen paid a state visit to Canada, focusing there on Canada’s great contribution to the liberation of The Netherlands. Alongside the state visit, there was a Batavian economic mission and higher education mission to Canada. Monday, 1 June 2015 The visit to the US began Monday morning in the Washington area, at Arlington National Cemetery, where the King and Queen paid tribute to the American war dead. King Willem-Alexander laid a wreath at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier. Several US veterans who took part in the liberation of The Netherlands attended the ceremony. The Royal Couple then was received by President Obama in the Oval Office. On Monday afternoon the King and Queen attended an event on innovative and sustainable forms of urban renewal. The US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is organising this Global City Teams Challenge. About 30 smart city projects will showcase their technologies and the progress they have made in developing efficient, sustainable ways of keeping cities liveable. A joint initiative will be presented that afternoon by Amsterdam, The Hague and a number of US and Asian cities. The Royal Couple viewed all the Dutch and US smart city projects. Later that afternoon the King and Queen were present at a round table discussion on sustainable development and best practices on the smaller islands of the Caribbean, including the Caribbean part of the Kingdom. The gathering was be held at the World Bank. King, Queen and FM at the Capitol © ANP, Robin van Lonkhuijsen The King and Queen will then visit Congress (on Capitol Hill), for talks with House and Senate leaders, a reception with the House Committee on Foreign Affairs and a meeting with the ‘Dutch Caucus’, a group of legislators with a political interest in or personal ties to The Netherlands. On Monday evening the King and Queen and Mr. Koenders dined at the Dutch Ambassador’s Residence, where prominent policymakers and think-tank staffers will join in discussions of current issues, particularly concerning security and the economy. Tuesday, 2 June 2015 On Tuesday morning the royal party will fly in the Dutch government aircraft to the Grand Rapids, Michigan, where many Dutch immigrants live. The party will be welcomed at Gerald Ford Airport by Michigan governor Rick Snyder, who was their host in the state. A children’s choir greeted the King and Queen. The governor hosted the party at a reception and lunch in Frederik Meijer Gardens and Sculpture Park, where the King gave a speech. After lunch the King and Queen walked in the garden, plant a tree to commemorate their visit, and unveil a plaque honouring volunteers. They will then take part in a brief gathering in the park’s amphitheatre with the Dutch communities of Holland, Zeeland and other Michigan towns. They then proceeded to the Helen DeVos Children’s Hospital in Grand Rapids’ Medical Mile, where they will be given a tour of this facility specialised in paediatric oncology. They also visited the Van Andel Research Institute, where research is being done on neurodegenerative illnesses like Parkinson’s disease. These visits will include a focus on closer partnerships being developed with Dutch institutes and hospitals like the ParkinsonNet care network of the Radboud University Medical Centre in Nijmegen. The Meijer, De Vos and Van Andel families are all of Dutch origin. Later Tuesday afternoon the King and Queen left for Chicago, where mayor Emanuel Rahm welcomed them at the Chicago Cultural Center. There was a reception followed by a business dinner, where people from about a hundred Dutch companies met US corporate representatives and the King gave a speech. Dutch ambassador to the US, Bekink Wednesday, 3 June 2015 On Wednesday morning the King and Queen visited the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, one of the foremost institutes in the US in the field of clinical research into motor impairments caused by brain damage and spinal cord lesions and the treatment of such patients. The institute’s patients include many veterans. The Royal Couple will speak with patients who have regained movement thanks to advanced technology and prostheses. They then attended a seminar where new Dutch-US partnerships was launched. At the Robert H. Lurie Medical Research Center, a meeting was held for the economic mission focusing on healthy ageing. Northwestern University joined with Dutch partners to show the King and Queen several pioneering innovations, and several Dutch researchers were offered adjunct positions at Northwestern. A tour for the King and Queen of the newly opened Gotham Greens rooftop greenhouses highlighted advances in urban farming: greenhouse cultivation of vegetables for local delivery. Urban farming is being done on a steadily increasing scale in US cities. The new Chicago greenhouse, the largest in North America, is located above a factory, thus saving both energy and land. Climate control in the greenhouse is done by the Dutch company HortiMaX, some of the seeds are supplied by Rijk Zwaan, and Koppert is providing biological pest control. The King and Queen then attended the concluding session of a seminar at Gwendolyn Brooks College Preparatory Academy on horticulture and agribusiness, with feeding the city and healthier foods as themes. The Royal Couple also was given a tour of this secondary school, whose pupils will show them projects on healthy lifestyles. Finally, the King and Queen attended an urban picnic where civil society organisations based in the Pullman Historic District briefed them about Chicago’s strategies for revitalising depressed neighbourhoods. Source: http://www.koninklijkhuis.nl/globale-paginas/taalrubrieken/english/news/  

Norway’s Constitution Day

  Norway’s National Day, or “Constitution Day” was celebrated in the Nordic kingdom on 17 May. The date marks the signing of the current Norwegian magna carta on 17 May 1814 at Eidsvoll, in an (failed) attempt to reassert its independence over annexations ambitions from Sweden. Amongst Norwegians the fête is referred to simply as “syttende mai” (Seventeenth May). Their Majesties King Harald V and Queen Sonja of Norway and the Crown Princely Family came out onto the balcony of the Royal Palace at Oslo just before 10:30 am as the Children’s Parade headed up Oslo’s main street, Karl Johan. Scale Schools celebrating major anniversaries led the Oslo children’s parade. This year children from St. Sunniva (150 years) marched at the front, followed by Ris (100 years) and Oslo Montessori (25 years). Crown Prince Haakon and Crown Princess Mette-Marit and their family started the day at Skaugum Manor, where they greeted the Asker municipality children’s parade from 8:15 am. About 60,000 children took part in the parade, and the Royal Guard Norwegian Military Marching Band brought up the rear.
Crown Princely Couple, Princess Alexandra, Prince Sverre Magnus and Marius Borg Høiby
Crown Princely Couple, Princess Alexandra, Prince Sverre Magnus and Marius Borg Høiby.
  Tradition It was King Haakon VII (reigned 1905-1957) and Queen Maud who introduced the custom of greeting the children’s parade from the Palace’s balcony in 1906. The custom has been upheld ever since. The only exceptions were in 1910, when the Royal Family was in the UK for the funeral of Queen Maud’s father, King Edward VII, and during World War II from 1940 to 1944. Today the terms “17 May” and children’s parade are virtually synonymous. After the celebrations His Majesty The King of Norway embarked on a official visit to the US American states of Washington and Alaska from 21 to 27 May. Source: http://www.royalcourt.no/nyhet.html?tid=127479&sek=27262 For more information Norwegian Mission to the EU: www.eu-norway.org/mission/ Royal Norwegian Embassy to The Netherlands and Luxembourg: http://www.noorwegen.nl/Embassy/Consulates1/Luxembourg/#.VW2OOdLkdkg Royal Norwegian Embassy to Belgium: www.norvege.be  

University of Buenos Aires wins ICC Trial Competition

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University of Buenos Aires wins ICC Trial Competition, Spanish version    On 5 June 2015, the University of Buenos Aires (Argentina) won the final round of the International Criminal Court (ICC) Trial Competition, Spanish version. Pictured here is the winning team with ICC Judge Sylvia Steiner in ICC Courtroom II in The Hague (Netherlands): Agustina Becerra Vazquez, Karen Vane Helmich , Mariana Gutierrez, Rosario Alessandretti, Natalia Marina Luterstein and Dalila Bettina Seoane. © ICC-CPI   On 5 June 2015, the University of Buenos Aires (Argentina) won the final round of the International Criminal Court (ICC) Trial Competition, Spanish version, held in ICC Courtroom II in The Hague (Netherlands). The Getulio Vargas Foundation (Brazil) and National University of Colombia, respectively, second and third place. The Best Speaker award went to Sonia Lorena Russi Noguera of the National University of Colombia. The winning team is composed of Natalia Marina Luterstein, Dalila Bettina Seoane, Agustina Becerra Vazquez, Rosario Alessandretti, Mariana Gutierrez and Karen Vane Helmich. This year, 20 teams from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Mexico, Spain and Venezuela participated in a simulation exercise on the applicable law and jurisprudence of the ICC, of which 9 teams participated in the semi-finals during the fifth Iberoamerican Week in The Hague. Today’s final round took place before a bench composed of ICC Judge Sylvia Steiner (Presiding Judge), ICC Chief of Public Information Section Sonia Robla, and ICC Legal Officer Alejandro Kiss. The teams competed on a fictitious case, presenting oral arguments during an appeals hearing in the roles of the Prosecution, Legal Representatives of Victims and Representatives of a Government. After a break for deliberations, the bench announced their decision and an awards ceremony was held for all participants. The finalists’ peers attended the event in the Court’s public galleries and the event was web streamed live on the Court’s official website. The third Edition of the Spanish version of the ICC Trial Competition takes place as part of the fifth annual Iberoamerican Week of International Justice and Human Rights, held in The Hague, and is organised by the Iberoamerican Institute of The Hague for Peace, Human Rights and International Justice (IIH), with the institutional support of the International Criminal Court, the Hague University for Applied Sciences, the Grotius Center for International Studies, the T.M.C. Asser Institute, the Coalition for the International Criminal Court and the Ibero-American General Secretariat. In the context of its Academic Programme, the ICC supports the organisation of ICC Trial Competitions in Chinese, English, Russian and Spanish, with a view to also support Arabic and French versions in the future. These initiatives play a critical role in galvanising interest in the Court’s work with academic communities as well as in enhancing promotion and respect for international criminal law. View photographs of the event here.  

Van Gogh + Munch in Oslo

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  Her Majesty Queen Sonja of Norway and Her Royal Highness Princess Beatrix of the Netherlands opened the exhibition Van Gogh + Munch at the Munch Museum in Oslo on 9 May 2015. The exhibition presents two of the world’s most important European artists: Vincent van Gogh and Edvard Munch – together for the first time.The exhibition was open to the public from the afternoon of the same day, and be shown at the Munch Museum until 6 September 2015.   Vincent van Gogh, Self-portrait, 1887   Vincent van Gogh (1853-1890) and Edvard Munch (1863-1944) are two distinctive and influential artists. Both created art with a strong emotional content expressed via a personal and innovative style, and both lived troubled lives. This exhibition is unique because of its size and number of important artworks – amongst which are a number of iconic masterpieces as well as several special works that are rarely on display. The exhibition will be rounded off with a section featuring works that the artists themselves considered significant, so that in a sense they function as an artistic testament. These works are gripping expressions of vital themes such as consolation, suffering, love, and the cycle of life. Works such as The Sick Child, The Scream, Wheatfield with Reaper and Starry Night over the Rhône underscore the kinship between the two artists on a deeper and more fundamental level. Van Gogh+Munch is the result of a long-term collaborative project between the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam and the Munch Museum in Oslo. The two institutions administer, research and present the most important and largest collections in the world of works by Van Gogh and Munch respectively.   Edvard Munch, Selvportrett, 1886 Munch Museum The Munch Museum is a monographic art museum dedicated to the life and work of the Norwegian artist Edvard Munch. The museum has the world’s largest collection of Munch’s art – 28 000 artworks – giving the museum a unique position. The collection, together with Munch’s personal objects, tools, his private library and a number of photographs taken by the artist, was bequeathed by Edvard Munch to the City of Oslo upon his death. Van Gogh Museum The Van Gogh Museum maintains the world’s largest collection of works by Vincent van Gogh (more than 200 paintings, 500 drawings, letters, completed with the art of Van Gogh’s contemporaries – Impressionists and Post-impressionists. Each year, 1.6 million visitors come to the Van Gogh Museum, making it one of the 25 most popular museums in the world. The exhibition Munch:VanGogh will be shown at the Van Gogh Museum from 25 September 2015. Source: http://www.royalcourt.no/artikkel.html?tid=126960&sek=113027     For more information    Van Gogh Museum: www.vangoghmuseum.nl/en Munch Museum: http://munchmuseet.no/    

New EU ambassadors

  On the picture  H.E. Ambassador Sophie Thevenoux.   By Eugène Matos De Lara and Baron Henri Estramant. The following heads of mission presented credentials to the President of the European Council on 6 May 2015.  Principality of Monaco: H.E. Ambassador Sophie Thevenoux, Monaco to the EU, Belgium, The Netherlands, and Luxembourg. She was received by Mr. Donald Tusk, President of the European Council, on 6 May 2015 as she presented her credentials. She was accredited to The King of the Belgians on 16 April 2015. Her previous post was ambassador to France and Andorra.  Ambassador Thevenoux is expected to negotiate along with her predecessor and incumbent chief of Monégasque diplomacy, M Gilles Tonelli, the Association Agreement between Monaco and the European Union.  Monaco in the Benelux:  http://en.gouv.mc/Policy-Practice/Monaco-Worldwide/Diplomacy-and-International-Presence/bilateral-relations/All-the-countries/Belgium http://en.gouv.mc/Policy-Practice/Monaco-Worldwide/Diplomacy-and-International-Presence/bilateral-relations/All-the-countries/Netherlands http://en.gouv.mc/Policy-Practice/Monaco-Worldwide/Diplomacy-and-International-Presence/bilateral-relations/All-the-countries/Luxembourg   Ambassador Ahn Chong-ghee Republic of Korea: H.E. Ambassador Ahn Chong-ghee, Korea to the EU, Belgium and Luxembourg.  Previous to this appointment as Head of Mission in Brussels, Mr. Ahn was Deputy Minister for Economic Affairs, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Korea (MOFA). Missions of Korea to the EU, Belgium and Luxembourg: http://bel.mofa.go.kr/english/eu/bel/main/index.jsp  
Ambassador Ernesto Chiru Ochoa
Ambassador Ernesto Chiru Ochoa
Republic of Panama: H.E. Ambassador Dario Ernesto Chiru Ochoa, Panama to the EU, Belgium and Luxembourg.  Ambassador Chirú Ochoa is based in Brussels since 2012. Before his appointment he was chargé d’affaires a.i. and Counsellor at the Panamanian missions.   
Ambassador Isaac Wehyee Nyenabo
Ambassador Isaac Wehyee Nyenabo
Republic of Liberia: H.E. Ambassador Isaac Wehyee Nyenabo, Liberia to the EU, the Benelux countries, and the OPCW. On behalf of President of the Republic of Liberia, Mrs. Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, Ambassador Nyenabo conveyed Liberia’s appreciation for the European Union’s significant financial, and resourceful contributions to the country over several decades, most exceptionally towards the recent  outbreak of the hemorrhagic Ebola virus that ravaged through Liberia, Guinea and Sierra Leone claiming many lives. Missions of Liberia to the EU, Benelux and the OPCW:  www.embassyofliberia.be/      

Artists from Kenya, Nigeria and Uganda at KunstRAI 2015

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  Top contemporary artists from Kenya, Nigeria and Uganda at the leading Amsterdam art fair: the KunstRAI 2015. The 31st edition of the oldest and leading art fair for contemporary art in the Netherlands, the KunstRAI, took place in Amsterdam from the 27th-31st of May. This year, 64 galleries showed the works of reputable Dutch and foreign artists. Gallery Devearts presented artworks of the Kenyan painter Beatrice Wanjiku, the Nigerian photographer Uche Okpa-Iroha, and the Ugandan visual artists Ronex Ahimbisibwe and Collin Sekajugo. Thousands of visitors got acquainted and inspired by the works of these leading artists from East and West Africa, making the KunstRAI a huge success. KunstRAI 2015 2 While contemporary art from the African continent enjoys heightened interest worldwide, and Africa is according to CNN “the buzz at this year’s Venice Biennale”, it has received relatively limited attention and recognition in continental Western Europe. Devearts aims to change this and actively promotes and sells the work of well-established and upcoming contemporary artists from Africa. The next events where Devearts will present various contemporary artists from the African continent are the “African Tree exhibition” -which is part of one of the largest contemporary art exhibitions in Germany: the OSTRALE 2015- in Dresden (from 10 July-27 September) and the contemporary art fair Art the Hague 2015 (from 7-11 October). In addition, Devearts is currently preparing for a large exhibition focused on presenting an overview of Africa’s finest contemporary art in the Hague in close cooperation with interested embassies and other stakeholders. For more information about Devearts please visit the website www.devearts.com or contact us with your inquiries at info@devearts.com.        

Misiones, Uruguay and Quiroga

The mystery of Misiones, frontier of Western civilization in the beginning of the 20th century, region embraced by the Parana, Uruguay and Iguazu rivers, land inhabited by aboriginals and wild animals; the Argentine jungle, shared by Brazil and Paraguay bordering Uruguay, and its profound impact on the life and works of the Uruguayan writer Horacio Quiroga, were all brought to life for a rapt audience of more than 60 guests who came to listen to Professor Dr. Gabriel Inzaurralde  at the Koningkerk on the evening of the 2nd of June. For a photo-album on this event, please click here: https://www.flickr.com/photos/121611753@N07/sets/72157654152450055
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Dr. Gabriel Inzaurralde
With exceptional knowledge, intensity and passion, Dr. Gabriel Inzaurralde presented a powerful analysis of the life and work of Horacio Quiroga, his fatal attraction for Misiones and its primitive world, his continuous search for solitude, his endless work on machines, artefacts, canoes and futile inventions, his unsuccessful business projects, his continuous failings and obsessive loves, but above all an intense scrutiny of his confrontation with his own fears and the relationship of his tragic personal existence to his prolific narrative that was part of the life of millions of readers in Latin-America and the rest of the world. Quiroga (Salto, 1878 – Buenos Aires, 1937), a Uruguayan writer of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, was a man tormented and always surrounded by death but nonetheless defined by his immeasurable energy, curiosity and search for the unknown that rendered him not only the most famous narrator of Latin America but also a sportsman, cyclist, photographer, cinema critic and an inventor. Quiroga had a new way of telling stories and tales; short stories of adventure, love, horror and madness. The animals of Missiones assembling together against the man, the vampires, the flamingos with skin serpents’ nylons and the monster under the pillow all came together yesterday night to honour the oeuvre of Horacio Quiroga.   BW HE 08 web The lecture was organized by the Hispanic Association of The Hague together with the Embassy of Uruguay in The Netherlands, the coordination of this event was made possible with the help of the Ambassador’s wife, Ana Trabal, and the  Secretary of the association, Montse Barberá Boix. Ms. Edith Bergansius, president of the Hispanic Association of The Hague, welcomed the guests and introduced Dr. Gabriel Inzaurralde who guided the audience with ease and dexterity through Quiroga’s life and work. Besides the passionate audience staying until late to listen attentively to Professor Inzaurralde, the hosts H.E. Dr Alvaro Moerzinger Ambassador of Uruguay and his wife Ana Trabal were joined by H.E. Mr Héctor Horacio Salvador, Ambassador of Argentina and his wife Ms. Jane Berger de Salvador; H.E. Mr Carlos Andres Herrera Rodríguez Ambassador of Peru and his wife Veronique Miclea, H.E. Mr Fermín  Quiñones Sánchez, Ambassador of Cuba and wife Amaira Quiñones, H.E. Mr Juan Jose Quintana Aranguren, Ambassador of Colombia; and Veronica Crego Porley and Gustavo Morales Bertinat, respectively Minister Counsellor and Cultural Advisor of the Embassy of Uruguay. After the conference ended, many guests stayed to share memories of Quiroga’s books over empanadas and Uruguayan wines.  

Biology and diplomacy

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By Barend ter Haar. Good diplomacy serves the interests of a country, but bad diplomacy helps a country to destroy itself. Take for example the year 1914 when bad diplomacy led to the first World War. Among the many reasons why diplomacy failed, two should be mentioned here: Governments avoided a realistic look at the price of modern warfare and were unwilling or unable to look beyond their narrow (perceived) national interests. The result is well known: the fall of the Russian, German and Austrian empires and the beginning of the European Civil War that lasted at least until 1945, if not 1989. Is diplomacy doing any better nowadays? Are governments now looking reality in the eye? Are they now looking beyond their short term national interests? And why is it that governments conduct policies that are self-destructive? These are very difficult, but also very important questions. Too important, one could argue, to leave it to diplomats and foreign policy specialists to answer. But who can help? Diplomats might follow the good example of the development experts at the World Bank. In its most recent World Development Report Mind, Society and Behavior the World Bank invoked the help of many disciplines, such as neuroscience, psychology, and anthropology, to answer the question why the results of development aid are so often disappointing. Diplomats should do the same. A discipline that might be of much use is biology. Since Darwin wrote The Descent of Man, a lot has been learned about human nature. What is important to realize is that the way we act and react is not only influenced by what we have learned from other people (our culture), but also by hundreds of thousands years of evolution (our genetic predisposition). Genetic adaptation is a very slow process, certainly in comparison with the enormous speed human civilization developed since the late stone age. Our current genetic predisposition therefore dates from before that time, when our forefathers still had to gather and hunt their food in the wild. However, some of the genetic adaptations that worked very well at that time have now become dysfunctional. Take for instance our innate impulse to eat sweets and nuts when they are placed in front of us, whether we are hungry or not. Our far ancestors were right to eat whenever they had the chance, but for modern man this impulse is dysfunctional. If we want to remain healthy, we have to withstand this temptation. In principle we can do that, but nevertheless obesity has become a very serious public health problem. Another problematic genetic trait is our inclination to make a sharp distinction between our “own” group and “other” groups. We are genetically predisposed to consider the “others” as potential enemies and not to care very much about their lives. Hundred thousand years ago that was probably useful, but under current circumstances this inclination has become dysfunctional. The sociobiologist Edward Wilson said it quite eloquently in The Social Conquest of Earth: “We have created a Star Wars civilization, with Stone Age emotions, medieval institutions, and godlike technology. (..) We are terribly confused by the mere fact of our existence, and a danger to ourselves and to the rest of life.” Now what to do? We cannot change our nature, but we can be aware of our genetic handicaps. Studies on the evolutionary origins of war and ethnic conflict are therefore not only of academic interest, but deserve the attention of pragmatic diplomats. A closer look at the results of biological research with regard to our hereditary handicaps will help us to realize that policies that feel good because they were effective 100 000 years ago might now be self destructive. A better understanding of our genetic predispositions can therefore help us to prevent avoidable disasters.

The Hague for UNICEF

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By Jhr. mr. Alexander W. Beelaerts van Blokland LL.M., Justice (Judge) in the Court of Appeal and honorary Special Advisor International Affairs of the City of The Hague.   Since 2005 the city of The Hague –International City of Peace and Justice- supports every two years an international organization that is active for peace and / or justice. In that year UNICEF was chosen as the first one to support, because in that year UNICEF The Netherlands existed fifty years. After UNICEF came the Red Cross, Warchild, AMREF Flying Doctors and Save the Children. Since January 1st, 2015, the municipality of The Hague has chosen again for UNICEF in the year of 60 years UNICEF The Netherlands. UNICEF is an UN organization like The Hague is an UN city. As probably everyone will know, UNICEF is one of the biggest organizations for the rights of children in the world. UNICEF helps children in no less than 190 countries all over the world, with better education, vaccinations, clean drinking water, emergency help, etcetera. Not only the city of The Hague itself helps UNICEF during the whole year of 2015 , but also inhabitants, schools, businesses and other organizations in The Hague do so. Big local events in The Hague like the City – Pier – City run, the Entrepreneurs Gala and the Just Peace weekend in september will be in favour of UNICEF. The money that will be collected will be used for children in Indonesia, which is a former colony of The Netherlands (until 1945/1949). UNICEF is very much concerned about the situation in that country with its enormous violance against children. For example: one out of six girls is given in marriage before the age of eighteen against their will. Of course UNICEF and The Hague would be very grateful to the 30.000 to 40.000 expats living in and around The Hague, if they would be able and willing to support UNICEF in one way or the other. By themselves and / or by the expat organizations they belong to. During 2015 there are a lot of possibilities in The Hague to do so.   a.beelaerts@planet.nl    

The Soft Power of Parliamentary Diplomacy

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By Dr. Davor Jancic, Senior Researcher in EU Law, T.M.C. Asser Institute The Hague, Faculty of Law, University of Amsterdam.   The world has become too globalised, too interdependent and too interconnected for diplomacy to be left to executive actors alone. For better or worse, Westphalian sovereignty belongs to a bygone era. Many decisions and policies with a decisive impact on the lives of both individuals and states as socio-political and economic communities are nowadays made outside the framework of those states. A vast multitude of international or supranational organisations–whose scope is global (e.g. the UN, WTO), regional (e.g. the EU, Council of Europe, Mercosur, African Union) or crossregional (e.g. NATO, OSCE)–set the parameters, or even directly govern, important segments of domestic regulatory affairs. Since this rapid development of global governance is a corollary of governmental action, parliaments are effectively denied the possibility to legislate on transnational policies and exercise democratic control over their creation. To compensate for this, parliamentary diplomacy has flourished in the past several decades. This phenomenon testifies to the evolving nature of representative democracy in the 21st century. Parliamentary diplomacy encompasses foreign affairs activities of individual parliamentarians (e.g. Speakers, chairpersons), groups of parliamentarians (e.g. committees, delegations, intergroups, friendship groups), bilateral interparliamentary forums (e.g. Transatlantic Legislators’ Dialogue), or international parliamentary institutions. The latter is the most advanced form of parliamentary diplomacy and ranges from parliamentary organs of international organisations (e.g. Parliamentary Assemblies of the OSCE and the Council of Europe), those that are only loosely linked to an international organisation (e.g. NATO Parliamentary Assembly), to those that are not associated to an international organisation whatsoever (e.g. Interparliamentary Union, Latin American Parliament). The world leader in parliamentary diplomacy is the European Parliament. It possesses a rather developed internal structure for conducting autonomous international affairs not only via its committees (e.g. AFET, DEVE, INTA, LIBE), delegations and intergroups, but also via assemblies it has created with international and regional parliamentary partners (e.g. Euro-Latin American Parliamentary Assembly, Euronest Parliamentary Assembly). All of these institutional manifestations of parliamentary diplomacy exercise soft power, because they as a rule possess no legally binding powers. However, their impact is realized through functions that complement those carried out internally within the legal orders in which these parliaments are established. These functions of parliamentary diplomacy are aimed at debating global challenges (e.g. terrorism and climate change), conflict resolution (e.g. advocacy in the Libyan and Syrian crises), discussing bilateral or multilateral international agreements, assessing the implications of extraterritorial legislation, approximating regulatory approaches to prevent legal disputes and political frictions, protesting diplomatic misconduct (e.g. US NSA online surveillance over the EU), strengthening domestic scrutiny and accountability mechanisms, nurturing the exchange of information and best practices, capacity building (e.g. democracy support, election observation missions, exchange of parliamentary know-how), and, generally, improving diplomatic relations between states and regions. These activities are carried out through dialogue fostered during countless visits and meetings that parliamentarians organise around the globe. Yet this does not mean that parliamentarians must become political globetrotters, traveling the world in search of peace and cooperation. In legal terms, the soft power of parliamentary diplomacy can become hard if it is firmly embedded in internal constitutional orders, where binding legal powers are available. Parliamentary diplomacy is therefore also a cognitive category. Parliamentarians should incorporate the outcomes of their diplomacy in domestic affairs by taking a broad perspective in conducting their daily business. Though elected locally, parliamentarians must think globally. This is important not only to shield domestic interests from unwanted external influence, but also to avoid backlash that is likely to occur due to the high level of interlacement between polities if action is taken in complete disregard of the interests of ‘others’. These two sides of the same coin are pertinent. Acting as diplomats, elected representatives can attend to these exigencies of contemporary policy making. Combining the soft power of parliamentary diplomacy in external affairs with the hard power in internal affairs is a recipe for reconceptualising representative democracy. To borrow the terminology of Harvard’s Joseph Nye, parliaments need to exercise smart power in the fast-paced global, digital age of today. They are advised to adapt to the changing nature of global governance if they are to preserve the good functions they perform in shaping their societies. Failing to do so could harm the interests of their constituents in the long term and parliamentary diplomacy is one of the ways of addressing this.