Poland handing over EU ceremony

Diplomat Magazine
-
0
Poland handing over EU ceremony

By Roy Lie Atjam

On June 30, 2025, the Embassy of the Republic of Poland hosted a remarkable jazz concert featuring the Marcin Wasilewski Trio, celebrating the conclusion of Poland’s Presidency of the Council of the European Union and the meaningful handover of the presidency to the Embassy of Denmark in The Hague.

The evening inspired an esteemed gathering of representatives from the diplomatic corps, Dutch institutions, international tribunals, and prominent figures from the worlds of culture and European politics. H.E. Ms. Margareta Kassangana, Ambassador of Poland, took this moment to passionately summarize the Embassy’s significant achievements during Poland’s Presidency, highlighting the regular engagement of Heads of Mission with Dutch government ministers, culminating in a valuable working lunch with Prime Minister Dick Schoof. The agenda was rich with expert-level consultations and cultural events that underscored Poland’s leadership and dedication during this pivotal time.

Marcin Wasilewski Trio from Poland. Photography by Pawel Kleineder

Before the artistic part of the evening, a ceremonial handover of the symbolic “Presidency Plate” took place, with Ambassador of the Kingdom of Denmark, H.E. Mr. Ulf Melgaard, accepting the token. The official part concluded with a concert by the Marcin Wasilewski Trio – one of the most outstanding ensembles on the Polish jazz scene – which had also inaugurated the Polish Presidency six months earlier with a performance in Brussels. Their concert in The Hague served as a symbolic closing bracket to Poland’s leadership of the Council.

The hour-long performance was met with enthusiastic applause and highlighted the shared, transnational character of the European Union. The evening concluded with a reception, offering guests an opportunity for informal conversation and reflection on the past six months.

Jazz concert on the Polish hand over ceremony. Photography by Pawel Kleineder

The ceremony in The Hague was not only a summary of the intense Polish Presidency, but also a demonstration of how diplomacy and culture can jointly strengthen European identity and foster closer ties between EU member states.

10 Years of Multilateral Religious Freedom Work

Diplomat Magazine
-
0
10 Years of Multilateral Religious Freedom Work

Translating a shared value into shared action

By Knox Thames

Ten years ago, on June 15, 2015, something remarkable happened. For arguably the first time ever, a group of countries decided to work collectively to advance religious freedom for people of different faiths outside their own borders. Throughout history, confessional states have fought for their own. However, in 2015, a new page was turned focused on religious freedom for all. Now, a decade into this experiment, we should reflect on the remarkable progress and the many challenges remaining.

Canadian Initiative, American Partnership

In 2015, with the ISIS depravations against religious minorities coming to light, we saw a need for like-minded nations to band together in defense of the shared value of religious freedom. Canada’s then Ambassador for Religious Freedom, Andrew Bennett, was a key actor, bringing energy and political support. He welcomed partnerships with myself (then at USCIRF) and others. After a series of initial discussions, the effort formally launched on June 15 in Brussels, with Andrew chairing the founding meeting of the International Contact Group on Freedom of Religion or Belief. Many attended, including myself. The city’s international profile hosting the European Union and NATO made it a worthy setting. The Obama administration’s religious freedom ambassador, David Saperstein, joined, as did representatives from key countries like the United Kingdom and the Netherlands, all of whom would play future leadership roles.

The International Contact Group, or ICG, served as an incubator for developing and implementing multilateral diplomacy on freedom of religion or belief (FoRB). While diplomats had collaborated around human rights in general, never before had efforts focused solely on freedom of religion or belief. Unfortunately, Andrew did not have much time to lead the effort. In November of that same year, he stepped down after Justin Trudeau’s election as Prime Minister. But the nascent endeavor continued. Andrew passed the baton, inviting me to serve as ICG co-chair (since I had joined the State Department) with Canadian diplomat Giuliana Natale.

The ICG became a place to share information between subject matter experts and diplomats, meeting twice a year, once in Geneva and once in New York. As I highlight in my book, we experimented with different forms of collective action. For instance, in 2017, we coordinated statements on social media denouncing the house arrest of the Eritrean Orthodox Patriarch and urging his release. While never freed, the government did allow him to attend a mass for the first time in years after the statements. It was a blessing to the Patriarch and a good return on low-cost diplomatic investment.

Larger efforts concerned freeing Asia Bibi in 2018. The Pakistani government refused to let her leave despite being acquitted of blasphemy allegations and released from prison. Through the ICG, we coordinated joint demarches on Islamabad, urging that she be allowed to join her family abroad. With multiple countries all delivering the same message in the same week, the show of force helped convince the military leadership to let her go. We saw how multilateral FoRB advocacy could work in meaningful ways, realizing the benefits of joint action and encouraging more governments to get involved.

When the Trump administration launched a series of ministerial-level meetings in 2018 and 2019, interest grew in elevating multilateral diplomacy to a higher political level. Under the leadership of Sam Brownback, the first Trump administration’s religious freedom ambassador, and a former senator and governor, he wanted something that could punch harder with a higher commitment among actual members. (The ICG was and remains a network.) The International Religious Freedom Alliance was launched in February 2020 with high aspirations. As its Declaration of Principles stated, “The Alliance is predicated on the idea more must be done to protect members of religious minority groups and combat discrimination and persecution based on religion or belief.”

Challenges in a Fraught World

As someone involved in designing the Alliance while co-chairing the ICG, we imported many of the ICG’s proven approaches into the Alliance. Its founding documents highlight a shared commitment to international standards and advocacy cooperation. It stated that the “Alliance intends to advocate for freedom of religion or belief for all” as defined by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and that its members are “willing to publicly and privately object to abuses.” Over the past five years, the Alliance has grown from 27 founding members to over 40, while its name changed to the International Religious Freedom or Belief Alliance (IRFBA) and now the Article 18 Alliance. All the while, the ICG continues to meet.

Now, 10 years after the ICG’s founding and five years after the Alliance’s launch, we must ask where to go from here.

The unprecedented level of attention on FoRB is worthy, as repression and discrimination on account of religion or belief continues. While persecution persists, it is undoubtedly less than it would have been without these efforts. However, we must be honest in evaluating whether these networks and meetings make a difference, not just maintaining them for the sake of their own existence. While a proponent of these efforts, meetings for the sake of meetings are the worst of internationalism. But if focused on the mission of religious freedom for all and committed to action, these networks can still serve crucial roles.

A foremost challenge is lessening political attention. The movement in 2015 rode a wave of interest as the ISIS depravities elevated religious persecution in tragically horrific ways. But memories fade. Now, wars in Europe and the Middle East distract policymakers and reduce resources. Talk of religious freedom seems a luxury while ballistic missiles rain down in the Middle East and Russian tanks advance across frontiers. An increasing focus on national interests by the United States and Europe squeezes space for a values agenda while grant money evaporates.

To shore up support, FoRB advocates can articulate how combating religious persecution compliments a hard security agenda while reflecting national values. Religious persecution is not going to fade away just because it fades on the priority list. We know persecution is intertwined with many of the most pressing challenges, directly or indirectly implicated in conflict, migration, and human rights violations. Enlightened self-interest that addresses persecution can make nations safer and more prosperous while lessening human suffering and reducing push factors of migration.

Connected is softening support among voters in democracies. Recent surveys about religious nationalism demonstrate how it is a persistent and common perspective across every region. It is understandable and natural for people to want their leaders to advance their values and look out for their communities. In my experience, most “regular people” outside of world capitals understand how religious freedom for all is the best way to secure a brighter future for their own when explained. It just needs to be explained more. Elected leaders listen to their constituents.

Next Steps

Ten years after the ICG’s launch, an expanding ecosystem of actors are focused on international religious freedom advocacy. Diplomats need not act alone; partnership is crucial. In addition to the ICG and Alliance, others include the International Panel of Parliamentarians for FoRB, the IRF Roundtables, UN NGO FoRB Committees, and various parliamentary groups like the APPGs in the UK, alongside faith-based and confessional organizations. Better coordination among these multiple nodes of activity could realize untapped potential.

Success will require coordinated, but not controlling, action. The ICG and Alliance will likely continue in their separate but adjacent lanes. While perhaps they should merge, the challenge of global persecution is significant enough to justify both, especially if they can delineate complementary (and not duplicative) areas of activity. Both can capitalize on NGO partnerships, which can help maintain, if not expand, high-level government interest. In addition, recruiting new members who fully comply with Article 18 standards will enhance credibility and momentum. We need to move more countries from rhetorical support to actual engagement with offending countries and fragile states where persecution runs rampant. By working in concert rather than in silos, the movement can maximize its reach and impact, even with diminished political and financial support.

For ideas on action, the Declaration of Principles provides a practical framework for how the FoRB ecosystem can respond to violations, outlining three key types of responses: reactive measures, proactive measures, and potential instruments of action. Reactive measures include condemning violence or incitement to violence against individuals or religious sites, whether perpetrated by state or non-state actors. The Declaration also calls for steadfastly responding to persistent violations of the right to manifest one’s religion or belief, such as the misuse of blasphemy laws, denial of legal recognition to religious or non-religious communities, and restrictions on the freedom to change one’s religion or belief. It’s the nuts-and-bolts of FoRB advocacy.

However, getting ahead of the problem is vital, and the Declaration outlines a range of proactive measures aimed at advancing freedom of religion or belief globally. These include promoting respect for diversity, tolerance, and inclusion in line with the Istanbul Process and protecting religious or belief sites from desecration. The ICG and Alliance countries can actively engage with civil society, including religious communities and leaders, while expanding literacy on freedom of religion or belief and related human rights frameworks. Upholding religious freedom alongside other fundamental rights, such as freedom of expression, is also emphasized.

Lastly, the Declaration highlights a spectrum of potential FoRB actions. Possible government responses include joint monitoring and reporting, coordinated demarches, public diplomacy efforts, interfaith engagement, victim support, and targeted sanctions. Governments and civil society can advocate together for prisoners of conscience, legal reform, rejecting religious discrimination in access to education, justice, housing, and employment, and promoting equal citizenship. Investing in civil society, training law enforcement, and supporting human rights defenders are essential steps. When employed strategically across these networks, responses can amplify impact and drive meaningful progress in protecting and advancing religious freedom globally.

A decade into this effort, we must continue to explore how to translate a shared value into shared action. We must expand our arguments for why religious freedom matters inside and outside the human rights agenda. In a time of persistent religious persecution, the ICG and the Alliance are an underappreciated good news story. These networks have helped set captives free and bring change to repressive systems. To protect the gains made, we must bolster these networks to weather government changes and decreased financial support. While religious freedom advocacy has never been easy, the last ten years mustn’t be the high-water mark. Too many lives are on the line.

About the author:

Knox Thames served in a special envoy position during the Obama and Trump administrations focused on religious minorities in the Middle East and South/Central Asia. His book, Ending Persecution: Charting the Path to Global Religious Freedom, was released in September 2025 by University of Notre Dame Press.

Caribbean Business Hub event draws full house despite NATO summit in The Hague

Diplomat Magazine
-
0
Caribbean Business Hub event draws full house despite NATO summit in The Hague

The Hague, June 25, 2025 – While President Trump left The Hague after the NATO summit on Wednesday evening, entrepreneurs and professionals gathered at the Cabinet of the Minister Plenipotentiary of Curaçao for an inspiring networking event organized by the Caribbean Business Hub (CBH).

Caribbean Business Hub met ir. George Polman (architect van AG Architecten} 25-06-2025

The evening was opened by chairman Nico de Visser, who emphasized CBH’s ambitions: stimulating entrepreneurship, from inspiring circular projects and investment funds to innovative (franchise) formulas on all the Caribbean islands and Latin America. CBH achieves this by informing, facilitating, supporting, and most importantly: matching. New is their online marketplace for business acquisitions, financing requests, and real estate opportunities. Personal contact during networking events remains the beating heart of their approach.

Next year, the ambition will grow further when CBH organizes the Caribbean & Latin Village: a large fair for entrepreneurs, franchisees, hospitality tycoons, real estate agents, service companies, stakeholders, and investors. Exhibitors and sponsors can already respond now.

George Polman, director of AG Architects / Caribbean Business Hub met ir. George Polman (architect van AG Architecten} 25-06-2025

Architect George Polman, director of AG Architects in Haarlem, the Netherlands, gave an impressive keynote, which he began in Papiamento – a powerful signal about the importance of cultural alignment in international business. He presented very inspiring megaprojects on Bonaire. They range from exclusive, colorful villas and mansions in Caribbean style to creating new destinations for old buildings, as well as high-quality social housing with the same characteristic look. According to George Polman, social enterprises have a significant positive impact on society. By also building high-quality homes for the less fortunate, the gap between rich and poor is narrowed.

Caribbean Business Hub met ir. George Polman (architect van AG Architecten} 25-06-2025

Then, Mrs. Penningston pitched her Curaçao company, a striking example of Caribbean entrepreneurship making the leap to the European market. She talked about Blue Curaçao liqueur, which was invented and developed on the island itself in 1896. The tamarind liqueur, their tropical surprise, was also presented during the liqueur tasting.

The evening was concluded by Minister Plenipotentiary Carlson Manuel, who encouraged attendees to actively seek opportunities on the islands and emphasized that entrepreneurs are welcome on all the Caribbean islands, particularly on Curaçao.

With a tropical buffet, good conversations, and a constructive atmosphere, the event was once again a success. The next CBH networking event is scheduled for Tuesday, September 30, 2025.

More information and registration:

www.caribbeanbusinesshub.nl

Africa Day Festivities 2025

Diplomat Magazine
-
0
Africa Day Festivities 2025

By Roy Lie Atjam

Theme: The Year of Justice for Africans and People of African Descent Through Reparations

Objective: to forge a unified African Common Position on reparations, drawing insights from experts, member states, and key stakeholder.

Significance: “As we commemorate Africa Day 2025, we proudly celebrate the 62nd anniversary of the founding of the Organization of African Unity (OAU), now known as the African Union (AU), established in 1963”.

On 27 May 2025, the Group of African Diplomatic Corps accredited to the Kingdom of the Netherlands, alongside Her Excellency Ms. Maria Isabel Resende Encoge, the Ambassador of the Republic of Angola and Dean of the Group of African Diplomatic Corps,  hosted the Africa Day 2025 celebrations.

Ambassadors attending Africa Day 2025.

Her Excellency Dean Ms. Maria Isabel Resende Encoge delivered  inspiring remarks that underscore the significance of our united aspirations and the quest for justice.

“First of all, allow me to welcome all those who honour us with their presence at this commemorative event in allusion to the 62nd anniversary of the establishment of Africa Day, on 25 May 1963, when African Heads of State enthusiastically created the Organization of African Unity (OAU), now the African Union, ensuring, among other things, the total emancipation of the African continent, after centuries of colonial oppression, the consequences of which are still being faced in the different geographies of our continent and by people of African descent throughout the world.

Africa Day 2025

For this reason, we underline the relevance of “justice for all Africans and Afro-descendants through reparations”, as part of the process of achieving an increasingly egalitarian environment among men, regardless of their colour, ethnicity, religion or gender.

Furthermore, diplomatic efforts continue as a valid path towards the recovery of cultural artifacts and African heritage looted during colonization and slavery as an important mechanism for historical reparation.

H.E. Ms Caroline Chipeta Kitana, Ambassador of Tanzania.

Similar to the period in which African independence was achieved, the current global geopolitical scenario is marked by events of various kinds, namely armed conflicts,climate change, food crises, among others, thus requiring greater acuity in the use of diplomatic resources so that the best solutions are found in the shortest possible time frames, paving the way for the achievement of collective goals, with emphasis on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the African Union’s Agenda 2063.

In this regard, allow me to express our recognition and gratitude for the crucial role of international solidarity in achieving African independence, and to emphasize that once again, we are called to convert challenges into opportunities, overcoming the obstacles arising from the current situation, in search of a better future that extends to all, based on the principles of the United Nations Charter, the Constitutive Act of the African Union and other related instruments.

H.E. Mr. Vusimuzi Madonsela, Ambassador of South Africa at Africa Day 2025.
H.E. Ms Salima Abdelhak, Ambassador of Algeria.

I wish everyone a Happy Africa Day, the Cradle of Humanity, a continent so diverse and rich, with vibrant cultures and immense potential, and above all, a friendly and very happy people, as can be seen in this present human context.

I conclude my speech by saluting our unity, saluting our efforts to find African solutions to African problems, saluting our contribution to a better world”.

Musical ensembles from Angola, Morocco and Sudan contributed vibrant performances of music and dance. Additionally, various countries seized the opportunity to delight the guests with an array of exquisite culinary dishes from their country.

A dazzling celebration, thanks to the enthusiastic participation of a large number of attendees.

Africa Day 2025
Africa Day 2025

Ambassadors of Panama and Peru Visit Saxion University of Applied Sciences

Diplomat Magazine
-
0
Ambassadors of Panama and Peru Visit Saxion University of Applied Sciences

By Eduardo Antonio Carreño Campos, Carlos Enrique Díaz Villanueva
and  Kristoff Derveaux

On May 7, Saxion University of Applied Sciences had the honor of welcoming the Ambassadors of Panama, H.E. Ms. Sally Loo Hui,  and Peru, H.E. Ms. Franca Deza Ferreccio, who together with Mr. Eduardo Antonio Carreño Campos and Mr. Carlos Enrique Díaz Villanueva, education attachés of these diplomatic missions accredited in The Hague, visited our main campus in Enschede. The purpose of the visit was to introduce the ambassadors to Saxion, the Civil Engineering program, and the research group Sustainable Areas and Soil Transitions (SAST). This visit marked an important step toward strengthening future collaboration.

In recent years, students of the Civil Engineering program of Saxion carried out two educational projects for organizations in Panama (IDIAP http://www.idiap.gob.pa/) and Peru (OTASS https://www.gob.pe/otass). These projects were possible thanks to the connections established between Saxion and Latin American organizations through their embassies in The Hague. Additionally, one student completed an on-site internship with a Panamanian company, further strengthening the collaboration and practical learning experience.

Program of the Day – The day began with presentations introducing the ambassadors to Saxion as an educational and research institution. The ambassadors of Peru and Panama then presented their respective countries, highlighting their strengths and challenges. The municipality of Enschede also participated, sharing their challenges related to climate adaptation. The municipality was invited as part of Saxion’s ambition to be a strong regional partner and to collaborate on addressing local challenges.

Presentation on Peru at Saxion Univertiy.
Presentation by the Municipality of Enschede.

After a quick lunch filled with pleasant conversations, the research groups SAST and Sustainable Building Technology (SBT) were introduced. Opportunities for collaboration on research projects were discussed, with the aim of strengthening our shared knowledge base and learning from one another.

Students Take the Stage

A key part of the program was the presentation of the Civil Engineering curriculum, which will be offered entirely in English starting in the 2025–2026 academic year. This opens the door for students from Panama and Peru to study in Enschede.

Two student groups presented their educational projects. The first group showcased their graduation project on climate-adaptive, circular, and traffic-oriented redesign of a residential area. The second group focused on the renovation of a bridge in Amsterdam and the associated logistical processes. The ambassadors showed great interest in the projects.

Excursion and Closing

On this sunny day, a mini-excursion was organized to Kristalbad, a well-known water management and sanitation regional project carried out by the Vechtstromen Water Authority. The ambassadors were given a guided tour and expert explanation on the project objectives. Upon returning to Saxion, they also visited the Trendy Water Centre, where technologies for reusing water of various qualities/sources were demonstrated—technologies that could also be applied in other countries.

The day concluded with a drink, and the ambassadors were presented with a “Bag to School” as a token of appreciation.

Looking Ahead

We look back on a very successful and enjoyable day. Collaboration with Panama and Peru will be further strengthened through additional educational and research projects.

The role of the ambassadors is crucial in this, as they serve as a bridge between their countries and Saxion.

Once again, we extend our sincere thanks to both ambassadors for visiting our university in Enschede.

Denmark Introduces New Agreement to Attract International Workers from Selected Countries

Diplomat Magazine
-
0
Denmark Introduces New Agreement to Attract International Workers from Selected Countries

On 30 June 2025, the Danish government introduced a new agreement to facilitate the recruitment of international workers from 16 designated non-EU countries. The initiative, known as the Collective Agreement–based Business Scheme, is aimed at securing skilled labour under regulated and fair working conditions.

The scheme allows employers to hire foreign nationals from a selected list of countries: the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, India, China, Japan, Brazil, Singapore, Malaysia, Ukraine, Moldova, Albania, North Macedonia, Montenegro, and Serbia. According to the Ministry of Employment, the selection is based on the countries’ status as key trade partners or as candidates for EU membership.

Under the new framework, positions must be covered by a Danish collective labour agreement, either within the private sector or public institutions. The salary threshold has been reduced to DKK 300,000 annually (approximately EUR 40,000), provided the role is covered by such an agreement.

Danish new labor law for foreigners. Foto Hasse Ferrold.

To participate in the scheme, employers must be certified by the Danish Agency for International Recruitment and Integration (SIRI). The system also includes new measures to prevent labour exploitation and ensure orderly recruitment. These include compulsory ID cards for workers on large construction sites and enhanced monitoring of work conditions.

The new agreement replaces previous transitional schemes and forms part of Denmark’s ongoing efforts to balance labour market needs with protections against social dumping. It is expected to be implemented in coordination with employers’ associations and trade unions, maintaining Denmark’s labour market model.

Africa Day at UN City

Diplomat Magazine
-
0
Africa Day at UN City

June 2025, UN City, Copenhagen

In commemoration of the 62nd anniversary of the founding of the Organization of African Unity (now the African Union) in 1963, the Group of African Ambassadors accredited to the Kingdom of Denmark hosted a successful and well-attended Africa Day reception at UN City in Copenhagen. The 2025 African Union theme, “Justice for Africans and People of African Descent Through Reparations,” guided the spirit of the event.

H.E. Mr. Mohamed Karim Fouad Sherif, Ambassador of Egypt. Photo Hasse Ferrold.

The celebration brought together diplomats, Danish officials, UN representatives, and members of civil society. Notable speakers included:

Her Excellency the Ambassador of South Africa, H.E. Ms. Fikile Sylvia Magubane who represented the Dean of the Diplomatic Corps H.E. Ms. Mina Marie Baldé Laurent, Ambassador of Côte d’Ivoire delivered welcoming remarks.

H.E. the Ambassador of the Arab Republic of Egypt, H.E. Mr. Mohamed Karim Fouad Sherif serving as the current Chair of the African Group in Denmark, who opened the evening.

Mr. Karsten Hønge, Member of the Danish Parliament, who served as Guest of Honour and addressed the importance of Denmark-Africa partnerships.

Leila Pakkala, Director of UNICEF Supply Division. Photo Hasse Ferrold.

Ms. Leila Pakkala, Director of UNICEF Supply Division, who spoke on behalf of the ten UN resident agencies in Copenhagen. She reaffirmed the UN’s commitment to sustainable development, equity, and global cooperation with the African continent.

Photo Hasse Ferrold Africa Day 24 06 2025 UN CITY Copenhagen

Following the formal program, participants enjoyed a festive and generous African dinner, celebrating the diversity and rich culinary heritage of the continent. The evening provided a warm atmosphere for networking, cultural exchange, and reflection on Africa’s global contributions.

The reception was widely regarded as a great success, reaffirming the importance of Africa Day.

Ambassador Modi Ephraim on Dutch-Israeli Relations

Diplomat Magazine
-
0
Ambassador Modi Ephraim on Dutch-Israeli Relations

Preserving Friendship Amid Changing Realities

A Conversation with the Israeli Ambassador to the Netherlands

As Israel marks 75 years of diplomatic relations with the Kingdom of the Netherlands, H.E. Mr. Modi Ephraim, Ambassador of Israel to the Netherlands, reflects on the strength of this longstanding partnership, the challenges of the current geopolitical climate, and his vision for the future of bilateral relations. In this exclusive Diplomat Magazine interview, Ambassador Ephraim speaks about the evolving Dutch position on Israel, antisemitism in Europe, and the need for constructive diplomacy rooted in shared democratic values.

Your Excellency, you recently expressed concern in De Telegraaf that the Netherlands had made a “historic mistake” by supporting a European investigation into Israel’s actions in Gaza. Could you elaborate on what you meant by this, and what consequences you foresee?

“It is true that I was disappointed, given that this initiative came from a friendly country that should understand Israel’s difficult position. I cherish the longstanding and warm bilateral relations and the support we received following the atrocities of October 7. The Netherlands immediately spoke out in support of Israel and did a lot to help the return of hostages from Gaza.”

You also remarked that the Netherlands has shifted from a discreet diplomatic partner to one that is more publicly critical. How has this change affected bilateral cooperation in areas such as security, innovation, and trade?

“The Netherlands and Israel have longstanding and warm ties, and this is reflected in the various forms of bilateral cooperation. I had the pleasure of welcoming several delegations from Israel, and several Dutch delegations have visited Israel as well. There are so many fields where the bilateral relations have a huge potential, including medical appliances, agro-tech, hydrogen and food security.”

Now that the previous Dutch government is no longer in office and a new coalition is forming, do you foresee an opportunity for Dutch-Israeli relations to reset or improve? What would you like to see from the new leadership?

“This year we marked 75 years of de jure recognition of Israel by the Netherlands. For more than 75 years, we have enjoyed the fruits of the warm friendship between our two countries. The support was also reflected when we organized an October 7 commemoration in Amsterdam, which Prime Minister Dick Schoof participated in.”

The Impact of Language and Rhetoric

The conflict in Gaza continues to generate strong opinions internationally. Some Dutch officials, including the mayor of Amsterdam, have used terms like “genocide” to describe Israel’s actions. You responded publicly to these comments—could you clarify how such rhetoric affects diplomatic engagement and perceptions of Israel?

“What we see is that such baseless rhetoric affects society. There is an unprecedented rise in antisemitism, with record numbers of incidents registered. I recall last year the opening of the national Holocaust Museum. President Herzog participated in the opening by His Majesty King Willem-Alexander. The museum serves as an important tool in educating new generations about the Shoah, to ensure we will never forget. However, the opening of the museum was overshadowed and over shouted by antisemitic mobs. Obscene slogans were shouted during the opening ceremony at participants. Children and Holocaust survivors had to endure insults and threats while authorities did nothing. Since then, the hate has only grown bolder. Fueled by inaction, it festers. Jewish students no longer feel safe on university campuses now dominated by hate-filled activists. Religious symbols are hidden out of fear. And in November, when we commemorated Kristallnacht, a pogrom unfolded on the streets of Amsterdam.”

Remembering October 7

What message would you like to convey to the Dutch public who may be critical of Israel’s military operations in Gaza, particularly in light of humanitarian concerns?

“They should not forget how this war started. Israel did not choose this war. On October 7, Israel was attacked by barbarian terrorists who raped, tortured and burned people. More than 1200 people were killed on that day. Hundreds of hostages were taken into the tunnels of Gaza, and to this day tens of hostages are held captive under unimaginable circumstances. We cannot rest until all the hostages are back home. Israel wants peace, as is shown by the success of the Abraham Accords in the region.”

As ambassador in the legal capital of the world, how do you balance Israel’s rejection of ICC jurisdiction with The Hague’s deep identification with international justice?

“There should be no manipulation in order to politicize the courts. If this is allowed, it will be a problem for the entire world, not only for Israel.”

Looking ahead, what are your diplomatic priorities for strengthening Israeli–Dutch relations in the next year? Are there new areas of collaboration you are seeking to promote despite recent political tensions?

“As mentioned before, there are various areas of collaboration that have potential for benefit for both Israel and the Netherlands. This also includes renewable energy and crisis management, as we saw during the COVID pandemic. I hope to soon see the resumption of more flights between the two countries to promote tourism both ways.”

Standing with the Jewish Community

With growing concerns about antisemitism in Europe, including in the Netherlands, what role do you see for your embassy in addressing the safety and inclusion of Jewish communities here?

“I consider myself not only ambassador of Israel, but also ambassador for the Jewish people. From the first day of my mission here, I have made it a priority to connect and work with the Jewish community. They serve as a bridge between our two countries. It is important that anyone and everyone can be themselves without fear. It is paramount that clear action is taken against any form of antisemitism. The Jewish community has a long and rich history in this beautiful country.”

What do you believe is most misunderstood about Israel’s position or actions in this current conflict, and how can diplomacy help bridge that gap in understanding?

“The Netherlands is a different environment, and this creates misunderstanding about the reality Israel finds itself in. The State of Israel is committed to the safety and security of its citizens. Our fight is not against the Palestinians, but against Hamas. Israel has to defend itself. We can never allow another October 7 to happen again.”

Demographic Shifts and Policy Challenges

The Netherlands has traditionally been a close partner of Israel and played a mediating role in the region, partly rooted in its historical responsibility after the Holocaust, in which over 100,000 Dutch Jews perished. However, the country’s demographics have changed significantly in recent decades, with a growing Muslim population that is more vocal in domestic and foreign policy debates. How do you perceive this shift affecting the Netherlands’ position towards Israel and the broader Middle East? And how should this be balanced with its historical relationship with the Jewish community and the State of Israel?

“It is important that decisions that are made by the Dutch government, are made in the interest of the Netherlands. It cannot be that radical minorities force changes in policy by praising Hamas. Israel and the Netherlands share the values of democracy. I am confident that the longstanding relations will continue to grow.”

At Diplomat Magazine, we thank H.E. Mr. Modi Ephraim for his time and openness in answering our questions. We remain a neutral platform and are not responsible for the content of ambassadorial statements. Our goal is to support open dialogue and thoughtful diplomacy by providing space for the voices of those who represent their nations in The Hague.

Cameroon National Unity Day 2025

Diplomat Magazine
-
0
Cameroon National Unity Day 2025

Theme: “Defence Forces and Cameroonian people in harmony to safeguard peace and national unity, bedrock of a strong and prosperous Cameroon”.

Cocktail on the Occasion of the 53rd Cameroon National Day Celebration in The Hague, Kurhaus Hotel, on May 23, 2025. Many fellow ambassadors along with senior officials of the Netherlands, International representatives, friends of Cameroon and members of the Cameroonian diaspora in the Netherlands and beyond. A  delightfully flamboyant atmosphere reigned in the Pronk Hall of the Kurhaus.

Ambassador H.E. Ms. Madeleine Liguemoh Ondoua delivered her welcome address:

“ On May 20, We commemorate the decision by referendum to make Unity the cornerstone of the Cameroonian Nation consecrated by the Unitary State. Unity in diversity and in peace, geared towards achieving a Great Nation, under the motto: “Peace, Work and Fatherland”. Thus, the theme chosen this year, ‘Army and Nation, united for a Cameroon turned towards peace and prosperity’, reflects the appeal of the Head of State, His Excellency Paul Biya.

Cameroon and the Netherlands enjoy long-standing relations based on mutual respect, technical cooperation, economic exchanges and cultural diplomacy. This cooperation was recently strengthened by the signing of MoUs:

  • With the FANEC/NAFTEC/NFS Consortium structure and the Cameroon Chamber of Agriculture, Fisheries, Livestock and Forestry,
  • between Cameroon’s Ministry of Water and Energy and the Dutch partners in the MINKOUMA hydroelectric project;
  • between the Dutch company African Construction and the municipalities of Cameroon, to rehabilitate certain roads.

Other highlights include last September’s visit by the ING bank to Cameroon and the announcement of funding for numerous projects in the agricultural sector, as well as the increase in the number of missions by Dutch equipment manufacturers to Cameroon over the last two years.

In addition, trade relations with the Netherlands have been consolidated, with the Netherlands now ranked Cameroon’s 1ᵉʳ trading partner since 2023 and one of the main destinations for products such as cocoa powder, cocoa paste and oils.

At the multilateral level, Cameroon has a stronger presence in multilateral organization based in the Netherlands, with which it pursues its constructive engagement.  ,

Ambassador Liguemoh Ondoua with friends of Cameroon.

This evening’s ceremony brings to a close a week of intense activities organised alongside the celebration of the 53rd edition of the National Day, focusing on sport, culture and innovation including:

  • a Mass of thanksgiving for Cameroon;
  • a football tournament involving eleven teams from the Diplomatic Corps, the Dutch and Cameroonian communities. The Moroccan team won the tournament. The tournament was accompanied by an exhibition of works of art and a cultural event
  • an international film festival, a major innovation of this year’s event in the Netherlands, which was only possible, thanks to a fruitful partnership with the International Institute of Social Studies.

This first edition of the International Film Festival ended with the signing of a Declaration of Intent between Cameroonian and Dutch cultural players on 22 May 2025.

At this point, I would like to express my deep gratitude to the dynamic team of staff at the Embassy and to all the people and partners who made this week such a success. Without being exhaustive, we salute the contribution of:

  • The Autonomous Port of Douala ;
  • CIMPOR .
  • COCOA VALLEY;
  • UTAMTSI ;
  • WHAT WATER ;
  • Des Senteurs & du Goût ;
  • ICON Production ;
  • International Institute of Social Studies ;
  • Le Festival International du Film Panafricain ;
  • L’Alliance Française ;
  • The City Council of The Hague;
  • The City Council of Wassenaar,
  • The NGOs  GREAT The Hague and STEK Den Haag ;
  • MBOARTS ;
  • DONATELA CREATIONS

Before closing my remarks, I would like to share a few words with our compatriots. Ladies and Gentlemen of the Cameroonian Community,

Your dynamism in your professional and personal occupations makes you Ambassadors for Cameroon on a daily basis. Under the leadership of the President of the Republic, Paul Biya, and its institutions, our country is resolutely committed to development and progress. Progress that is naturally strewn with trials that we will undoubtedly overcome, thanks to our unity in diversity, the sense of common belonging, and our sincere commitment.

This unity and commitment make us say that << Impossible is not Cameroonian >>. Therefore, let us never lose sight of the need to remain united and work together respectfully to strengthen national unity.

Before proceeding with the pleasant ritual of raising a toast in honor of the friendly relations between the Republic of Cameroon and the Kingdom of the Netherlands, I would like to hand over an honorary distinction awarded by the President of the Republic to a Brilliant compatriot.

Monsieur Guy Andela, au nom du Président de la République et en vertu des pouvoirs qui nous sont conférés, nous vous faisons Chevalier de l’ordre de la Valeur.

Finally, I ask you to raise your glasses for unity, peace, the prosperity of Cameroon, and the fortification of relations between the Netherlands and Cameroon.”

The rich and diverse gastronomy of Cameroon was confidently showcased to the guests, perfectly complemented by the vibrant rhythms of Cameroonian music. The presence of colorfully dressed Cameroonian women invigorated the festive atmosphere, ensuring the evening was an unforgettable experience. Attendees enthusiastically praised and appreciated this remarkable event.

The NATO Meeting in The Hague and the Latest Developments in the International Security Environment

Diplomat Magazine
-
0
The NATO Meeting in The Hague and the Latest Developments in the International Security Environment

Conclusions and Lessons for Military and Intelligence Services

“Geopolitics does not forgive ignorance and does not reward indecision.” — adapted from Zbigniew Brzezinski


By Corneliu Pivariu

The NATO meeting held in The Hague on June 24-25, 2025, took place in a tense and fluid international context, where the rules-based global order is under pressure, and the European security architecture continues to be deeply affected by Russia’s aggression against Ukraine. The persistence of the conflict in Ukraine, the escalation of tensions in the Middle East, the strengthening of the Sino-Russian strategic partnership, and the reconfiguration of global power balances define a critical stage for Euro-Atlantic collective security. The meeting serves as an essential preparatory moment for the NATO Summit in Washington in July 2025, where the Alliance’s strategic directions for the coming years will be established.

Concurrently, the world is witnessing rising tensions in the Middle East, intensifying rivalries among great powers in the Indo-Pacific, and the proliferation of hybrid and cyber conflicts. In this context, analyzing the Hague meeting is crucial for understanding the direction in which NATO is redefining its strategic role, while evaluating the lessons learned is necessary for both the armed forces and the intelligence communities of member states.

The Hague Meeting – Strategic Messages and NATO Priorities

The meeting in The Hague conveyed several clear signals:

  • Reaffirmation of Allied solidarity and strengthening collective defense capabilities, particularly on Europe’s eastern flank;
  • Acceleration of the implementation of regional defense plans, part of NATO’s new deterrence and response strategy;
  • Increased support for Ukraine, including through more robust supply lines for weapons, technical assistance, and operational intelligence sharing;
  • Assessment of the readiness of Allied military capabilities in relation to the new concept of “multi-domain defense” (land, air, sea, space, cyber).

The meeting laid the groundwork for the July Summit, where additional member state contributions to the defense budget and the strengthening of NATO’s relations with global partners, particularly in the Pacific region, are expected to be formalized.

The International Security Environment – Three Major Trends

1. Persistence of the War in Ukraine – The conflict appears to be entering a phase of strategic attrition, with the risk of becoming a protracted “frozen conflict.” Russia continues to adapt its tactics, combining massive missile and drone strikes on civilian infrastructure with an offensive narrative in the international information space. NATO faces a dilemma: how to effectively support Ukraine without directly escalating the conflict.

2. Instability in the Middle East – The strategic rivalry between Israel and Iran has intensified, with the direct involvement of non-state actors supported by Tehran (Hezbollah, Houthis). The Gaza conflict has generated a wave of regional insecurity, and maritime security in the Red Sea and the Strait of Hormuz is constantly threatened.

A significant geopolitical and strategic development is the recent U.S. attack on key targets in Iran’s nuclear program, including uranium enrichment facilities and research centers suspected of developing nuclear weapons. The operation, conducted with high-precision means and supported by intelligence from regional partners, was limited but strategic: it sent a clear signal regarding the U.S. red line on nuclear proliferation in the region, while also raising risks of conflict escalation.

3. Escalating Tensions in the Indo-Pacific – Although NATO has no operational mandate in the Indo-Pacific, the meeting highlighted growing concerns about China’s actions: pressure on Taiwan, militarization of the South China Sea, indirect support for Russia, and the use of emerging technologies for surveillance, hybrid influence, and cyber espionage. NATO reaffirmed the need for enhanced cooperation with regional partners—Japan, South Korea, Australia, and New Zealand—to deter attempts to alter the status quo by force.

Internal Challenges for the Alliance: Budgets, Cohesion, Performance Criteria

Despite demonstrated unity, NATO faces challenges regarding:

  • Uneven defense budgets (not all states meet the 2% GDP[1] threshold);
  • Persistent bilateral frictions (Turkey-Greece, Hungary-Ukraine, though the latter is not a NATO member), as well as positions expressed prior to the meeting by officials from Slovakia and Italy[2];
  • The influence of domestic politics on military and intelligence efficiency.

A controversial issue was the impact of Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) policies promoted in some Western structures. These are criticized for potentially undermining merit- and performance-based selection, to the detriment of operational efficiency—with possible negative effects in crisis situations.

Military Lessons – Adapting to the Reality of 21st-Century Warfare

  • The importance of information superiority and rapid response at tactical, operational, and strategic levels, essential for the success of any operation.
  • The need for genuine interoperability among member states’ military systems.
  • Reevaluation of logistical capabilities.
  • Strengthening air defense and anti-drone capabilities, based on lessons from Ukraine.
  • The strategic and technological flexibility of the U.S. enables operations beyond the European theater.
  • The relevance of preventive deterrence capabilities returns as a key point on the security agenda.

Lessons for Intelligence Communities

  • Information warfare requires enhanced capacity to detect disinformation.
  • Human resource policies must be reevaluated: meritocracy must take precedence.
  • The need for genuine cooperation among Allied intelligence services.
  • Strengthening protection against infiltrations and betrayals.

Specific Lessons for Romania in the Military Domain

For Romania, the current context presents both opportunities and significant risks:

  • Its geostrategic position on NATO’s eastern flank grants it a key role in deterring Russia. Accelerating military modernization is essential.
  • Intelligence services must enhance their capacity for anticipation and protection of critical infrastructure.

Romania needs an updated national security doctrine based on real threats, which should include:

  • Accelerating military modernization programs, with emphasis on ISR (intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance) capabilities, drones, air defense, and A2/AD (anti-access/area denial) systems;
  • Developing regional training and rapid response centers in cooperation with NATO allies;
  • Strengthening logistical and strategic transport infrastructure along the Black Sea-Carpathians-Western Europe axis;
  • Joint training and enhanced interoperability with NATO forces deployed in the region;
  • Reassessing territorial defense strategies for potential medium-intensity, short-duration conflicts;
  • Deepening and operationalizing bilateral partnerships within NATO;
  • Rapidly rebuilding the defense industry (with immediate focus on ammunition production[3]) through firm and urgently implemented decisions.

Through professionalism, strategic coherence, and political will, Romania can play a role commensurate with its geographic position and the current historical context.

Lessons for Romania – Intelligence and Information Dimension

  • Reevaluation of selection, training, and promotion processes within intelligence services, emphasizing meritocracy, professionalism, and accumulated experience;
  • Rethinking operational-intelligence doctrines in an environment marked by hybrid wars and complex cyber threats, optimizing the TEHINT/HUMINT balance to better utilize human capital while considering financial constraints;
  • Enhancing strategic anticipation capacity through operational partnerships with similar structures in NATO and EU states;
  • Adapting the organizational culture of intelligence services to address new generations of threats, including narrative influence, disinformation, and covert non-military operations.

General Conclusions

The NATO meeting in The Hague in 2025 was significantly influenced by the U.S. strikes on Iranian nuclear facilities, which amplified global tensions and highlighted the fragility of international security. The decisions taken, from strengthening collective defense to intensifying intelligence cooperation, reflect NATO’s efforts to adapt to a volatile strategic environment. The Hague meeting reaffirms NATO as a cornerstone of Euro-Atlantic security. The Alliance faces a complex strategic equation: a conventional war in the East (Ukraine), asymmetric risks in the South (Middle East, North Africa), and systemic global competition with China. In this context, NATO’s ability to remain credible, cohesive, and effective will depend on modernizing doctrines, internal unity, and global projection capacity.

For Romania, this is an opportunity to position itself as a relevant regional actor, provided it has a clear strategic vision, an adapted defense policy, and a national security system aligned with NATO’s operational and value standards. It is also a moment for deep reflection on the quality of political and institutional leadership in defense and security, in an increasingly uncertain and unpredictable international context.

Paper presented at the international webinar organized by EURODEFENSE – Bucharest, Romania, on June 26, 2025

Note on Methodology

This analysis was based on official NATO documents, public statements by Alliance leaders, and assessments published by international strategic and security think tanks such as RUSI, IISS, Foreign Affairs, Chatham House, RAND Corporation, and others.

[1] As of 2024, 23 out of the 32 NATO member states have reached or exceeded the 2% of GDP threshold for defense budgets.
However, disparities persist: countries such as Spain (~1.3%), Canada, Italy, and Belgium still fall short of this level.

At the NATO Summit in The Hague (June 2025), a more ambitious target was adopted: 5% of GDP by 2035, divided into two components: 3.5% for direct military expenditures and 1.5% for infrastructure, cybersecurity, and resilience. The first intermediate report is scheduled for 2029, and some countries—such as Spain—have secured “flexibility” to align gradually.

Only a few states (Poland, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia) have already announced their commitment to reach 5% in the coming decades; most of the others have more ambitious goals than 2%, but remain below 3–4%.

This transition marks a “quantum leap” in Europe’s defense capability and reflects both the political pressure from the United States and the strategic focus toward 2029–2035, in an increasingly tense global context.

[2] Recent statements from leaders of NATO member states have reflected differing visions for the Alliance’s future.Slovak Prime Minister Robert Fico evoked the possibility of withdrawing from NATO “under certain conditions,” suggesting that neutrality could become a strategic option for his country (see: Euractiv Slovakia, June 2025).
Similarly, Italy’s Minister of Defense, Guido Crosetto, stated that “NATO no longer makes sense in its current form,” advocating for profound reform and for expanding the Alliance’s mission to include new strategic areas, including the Global South (La Repubblica, June 20, 2025).

Although these statements do not represent the official positions of their respective governments, they reflect internal rhetoric that could influence perceptions of the Alliance’s unity.

[3] Although the war in Ukraine has already been ongoing for three years, the powder factory in Victoria (Brașov County), which has been in preservation since 2004, has still not been reactivated and is only now set to be rebuilt through a strategic partnership between ROMARM and the German company Rheinmetall.

The investment, estimated at over €400 million (including €47 million through the European ASAP program), aims to establish a modern production facility for energetic powders (TNT, RDX), with a projected completion date in 2027.

Although the relaunch enjoys government support, the project faces structural difficulties: lack of active production, outdated infrastructure, recurring salary issues, and controversies surrounding the company’s management—despite the high strategic importance for the national defense industry.

1...8910...870Page 9 of 870