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Uruguayan Independence Day Celebrated in The Hague

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Uruguayan Independence Day Celebrated in The Hague

The Embassy of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay marked his country’s Independence Day with a grand and festive reception. Held on August 27 at the Leonardo Royal Hotel in The Hague, the event drew over 200 distinguished guests from various sectors of Dutch society.

Ambassadors, chiefs of international missions, diplomats, academics, business leaders, and representatives from the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs, along with members of the Uruguayan community, all responded to H.E. Ambassador Dr. Álvaro González Otero’s invitation to celebrate ‘Día de la Independencia’—Uruguay’s National Day, commemorating its independence from Brazil in 1825.

H.E. Dr. Álvaro González Otero, Ambassador of Uruguay. National Day 2024 The Hague.

After nearly 200 years of conflict and civil unrest under Spanish and then Brazilian rule, Uruguay has emerged as a country renowned for its welcoming people, stunning landscapes, first-class meat production, and high-quality wine. In recent decades, Uruguayans have enjoyed a stable democracy, a steady improvement in living conditions, and overall well-being.

In a packed room with an animated audience, Ambassador González Otero took the microphone to thank all the attendees for their sincere affection for his people and country. He then proudly expressed:

“Two years have quickly passed since I arrived in this lovely kingdom. Since then, we have started to shift the focus of the Embassy, placing more emphasis on our bilateral relations. The Netherlands and Uruguay have more in common than people might imagine. We share international principles, landscapes, agricultural production, developed services, qualified exports, and a progressive lifestyle.

We also share strong commitments to the well-being of our citizens and visitors, the protection of human rights, environmental sustainability, progressive social policies, and significant efforts towards renewable energy and climate action. Both countries also emphasize education, democratic governance, and active participation in international organizations promoting peace and development. So, we will keep working to boost our bilateral relations.”

Uruguay National Day, August 27 at the Leonardo Royal Hotel in The Hague.
From the Embassy of Uruguay, Counsellor Pablo Bayarres, Ambassador Gonzalez Otero and Hans Akerboom, Deputy Director Protocol and Host Country Affairs from the Netherlands.

Ambassador González Otero then listed some of the most relevant initiatives undertaken by the Embassy over the last few months:

– Uruguayan participation in the World Hydrogen Summit 2024: Led by the Minister of Industry, Energy, and Mining, Ms. Elisa Facio, with over 50 representatives from various sectors of the public and private sectors.

– Active participation in the “26th World Energy Congress.”

– Cooperation Project with Delft Institute for Water Education: Since 2011, Uruguayan professionals specializing in water resources have participated in the Delft Institute program for advanced training. Initially, the program began with 40 scholarships, resulting in 37 professionals successfully completing their studies. This early success led to the program’s relocation and implementation at the Technological University of Uruguay, now featuring regional participation. The program has since had two new editions in 2022 and 2024, expanding to include 17 professionals from Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Honduras, Mexico, Panama, and Peru. This development has transformed Uruguay into a regional hub in the field of water resource education.

– Uruguay’s status as one of the 32 signing states of the Ljubljana – The Hague Convention in February 2024.

– Positioning Uruguay as a potential living and working destination for Dutch farmers.

– Interactions with RVO and Port of Rotterdam related to port cooperation.

– Exploring and initiating new cooperation projects with Westland Municipality and Wageningen University.

– Meetings with private sector actors related to agribusiness.

– Preparation for the Capitan Miranda’s visit to Amsterdam: Uruguay’s school tall ship has already confirmed its participation in Sail Amsterdam 2025.

– Multilateral achievements: The Embassy has made progress in multilateral areas, including ongoing contributions and work with international organizations based in The Hague: the ICJ, ICC, OPCW, HCCH, and the Permanent Court of Arbitration. Additionally, a closer relationship with The Hague Academy of International Law has been pursued. Significant advances have also been made through the coordinated work of the GRULAC Group in relation to various international organizations.

H.E. Mr. Fernando Arias, OPCW Director General , Ambassador Gonzalez Otero and Mr Arias spouse, Patricia van Oordt.

Following his remarks, Ambassador González Otero invited the audience to watch a short video about Uruguay, which made a great impression on those present. He expressed, “Uruguay is an exceptional country that has developed a dynamic and robust culture, shaped by a fascinating blend of gaucho traditions, European influences, and the unique Rioplatense spirit. Tango, folklore, candombe, and milonga are examples of its rich artistic musical expression. Uruguayan gastronomy, featuring high-quality meat, wine, and dairy products, especially the beloved ‘dulce de leche,’ delights palates and consistently wins prestigious awards worldwide.”

“The work we have done does not mean we are satisfied; we want to continue advancing in a deeper process. The bilateral relationship is already strong, but the potential to strengthen bonds in several key areas is even greater.”

The Ambassador of Uruguay, H.E. Alvaro Gonzalez Otero and the President of the International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals, Judge Graciela Gatti Santana with her husband Mr Gustavo Segovia.

The event was conceived to showcase the rich and diverse culture of Uruguay, a nation with a population of approximately 3,495,527 as of 2022.

The national anthems of Uruguay and the Netherlands were performed by the Uruguayan opera singer Sara de los Campos. After the ambassador’s speech, the Embassy paid tribute to two influential musicians: José “El Sabalero” Carbajal and Jaime Roos, who both lived in the Netherlands. Jaime Roos settled in Amsterdam in 1978, where he played bass in several salsa, rock, and jazz groups. He had a son and remained in the Netherlands until 1984 when he returned to Uruguay.

Carbajal spent his days in the Netherlands with his wife, Anke van Haastrecht, and their two children. Anke was invited to share some special stories from their life together.

Uruguayan opera singer Sara de los Campos.
Uruguayan drummers Luis Gradin, Marcelo Terra, and Nicolás Sánchez.

The enthusiastic audience enjoyed an authentic performance by talented Uruguayan drummers Luis Gradin, Marcelo Terra, and Nicolás Sánchez. The celebration continued with Uruguayan wine, classic savory empanadas, and dulce de leche, which delighted the crowded room and completed the great celebration.

Ambassador González Otero concluded the event by thanking his Embassy team: Counselor Pablo Bayarres, Chancellor Gustavo Morales, his assistant Juan Diego, and Martha Hernández and Sofía Anastasiou. He then led a warm toast for the people of the Netherlands, Uruguay, and the necessary and desired peace in the world.

China: A New Actor in the Contemporary Multipolar World

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China: A New Actor in the Contemporary Multipolar World

By Mariarosaria Iorio, Political Analyst

I. The post-cold war world  

International relations are nowadays characterised by major changes that started at the end of the 80s with the fall of the Berlin Wall.  Indeed, the end of the cold war was marked by the dislocation of the two main political blocks, namely the Soviet Union and the Western World. Such a dislocation resulted in the marginalization of the post-war multilateral system embodied in the United Nations, and the standstill of the multilateral trade negotiations in the late 90s in the context of the World Trade Organisation.  New lines of political thought have been facing each other since then, while reshaping the post-cold war world in a number of fragmented and variable sub-blocks of countries. 

The United States decided to put itself first by concentrating on its internal affairs, while withdrawing from international affairs.  

Europe, the old continent, looks for an efficient strategy towards autonomy from the United States.  Europe also tries, not without difficulty, to create a more cohesive internal and external political approach.  The reality is however evolving rather more towards fragmentation of Europe in favour of European National fragmented interests. Such a fragmentation is the natural consequence of the decadence of the European Institutional and collective actions to the advantage of individual Sates actions and interests.   In sum, what seemed to be a structured and coherent European Union block fighting for the promotion of its economic and political values all over the world has somehow become an alliance at variable geometry both internally and externally.  The disorganisation of the leadership results in a chaotic and unpredictable European External and Internal action. 

Thereof, the empty influence spaces left on the international relations scene has given new international actors the opportunity to emerge.  

Meanwhile, the fragmentation of the European Institutions has also impacted the EU-USA relations within NATO, and affected the security and peace sphere.  Security issues have been on and off on the European agenda.    

In this context, Russia that has lost its empire in the 80s looks now for a new power game. In spite of the disruption of the Soviet Union, Russia attempts either by influence or by force to exercise power in its ancient affiliate countries.  Russia that was supposed to be defeated with the fall of the Berlin Wall takes back its role of opponent to the Western World on the international scene at least as it concerns the international affairs philosophy.  Thus, creating a tension aimed at restoring its power in the world.   

The group of emerging and developing economies that constitute a new variable block with a large portion of population employed in agriculture have emerged as new actors in the world’s geo-political discourses.  At the head of this block on the international scene, there is China.  The shaky international leadership context has indeed given China a new space. China’s   communist past combined with its market-based economic strategy gives it a particular position.  

China is The One that can communicate to Russia. China is also The One that can have an influence on the Western economic and political scene as China owns a big part of Western Foreign Debt  

China embeds a horizontal strategy in both its trade and development policies, while producing at low wages.  Its production system coupled with its pragmatic political approach has reshaped the international power structure.  The top-down approach of the Western World faces now the competition created by the horizontal win-win approach proposed by China in both developing and industrialized countries.

Indeed, as a result of the decline of the Western World global hegemony based on market access and economic and social liberalism as a means to ensure economic growth and promote economic development, the vision promoted by China’s discourse, centred on the protection of livelihoods and local sovereign choices finds new adepts.  Furthermore, China has successfully attempted to promote a trade-off approach to international cooperation during the last 20 years.  A cooperation that does not interfere in internal affairs of partner countries as it has often reproached to the Western countries involved in international cooperation.  

As the developing countries leader, China positions itself as the spoke country for the poor.  As a new world powerful economic actor China plays as the guarantor of the Western Economic stability.  China positions itself as the bridge between the rich and the poor.  It is representing a different hegemonic game that only changes in its discourse, while still pursuing its own interests and influence zones.  Such a situation poses the question of the values that the international regime wants to embrace.  Indeed, this changing world results in an increased number of conflicts – be new or historical conflicts.  

The dislocation of the traditional leaders of the international relations has definitely created a chaotic and unpredictable scenario.  Chaos has in some cases been chosen as a political strategy to disrupt the post-1945 international regime. Such a disruption has benefitted new actors, and given space to new lines of thought.  These new lines of thought have attacked the existing international framework but has not yet succeeded in creating a new regime.  The increasing unbalance of power and the lack of leadership on the international political scene is risky. 

The reduction by choice of leadership of the United States has indeed resulted in the weakening of the values emerged as a result of the dramatic experience of Second World War, namely freedom of thought and freedom of speech to mention only a few.   We are now facing a much more authoritarian world with force used as a means to manage the political arena.  Dialogue seems to be a rather consuming exercise that has left its place to the use of force.  Force is no longer seen as the last option but rather the opening act for political dialogue.  Nationalism and individual interests are now at the centre of the political game. This trend is taking the world to instability and conflict.  

The peoples of the world are more and more questioning the existing system. People’s needs and expectations are not met.  The new emerged actors, such as China have given the hope of a possible change in the present international system without fundamentally questioning its rationale but rather trying to rip a slate of the cake.  

The struggle for influence among countries has not succeeded in building a peaceful and stable world. Citizens will have to face the challenge of building a new era of peace and stability worldwide.

Derrière les murs du Palais de la Paix : permanence et changements de la Cour internationale de Justice

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Derrière les murs du Palais de la Paix : permanence et changements de la Cour internationale de Justice

S.E. M. Philippe Couvreur est arrivé à La Haye en avril 1982, où il a d’abord occupé le poste d’assistant spécial aux bureaux du greffier et du greffier adjoint de la Cour internationale de Justice.

Il a ensuite exercé les fonctions de Secrétaire, Premier Secrétaire et Secrétaire juridique principal, avant d’être élu Greffier de la Cour en 2000, et réélu en 2007 et 2014. Pour marquer l’anniversaire de ses débuts à la Cour, il y a 35 ans, Diplomat Magazine l’a invité à témoigner de son expérience unique au service de cette institution, des évolutions qu’il a pu y observer, et à partager le regard qu’il porte sur les changements qui ont marqué la Cour et La Haye au cours des trois dernières décennies.
Philippe Couvreur avec le Pape Jean-Paul II prise le 13 mai 1985.
Je suis arrivé à La Haye en avril 1982 — de façon aussi inattendue que j’avais entamé des études de droit treize ans auparavant (mais c’est là une autre histoire…) — pour occuper un poste temporaire à la Cour internationale de Justice. La Cour était alors la seule institution judiciaire internationale existante au plan universel. Son activité, particulièrement faible à la fin des années 1970, ne pouvait en ce temps-là guère laisser présager du succès que rencontrerait la Cour dans les décennies à venir. Mon bienveillant maître de Louvain, le professeur Paul de Visscher, fils du célèbre internationaliste Charles de Visscher, unique juge belge à la Cour, m’avait prédit des jours aussi sereins qu’heureux, écoulés à lire et à écrire des ouvrages dans la solitude des imposants murs de la bibliothèque du Palais de la Paix…
Les mémoires ont été dûment déposés dans l’affaire El Salvador c. Honduras dans la salle Bol le 1 juin 1988, l’affaire du Différend frontalier terrestre, insulaire et maritime.
En rejoignant la Cour, un frais matin d’avril, dont je garde un souvenir très précis, le jeune juriste que j’étais découvrit, non sans étonnement, une organisation de taille très modeste, le Greffe, qui en est l’organe administratif, alors composé de moins d’une quarantaine de fonctionnaires. Le fonctionnement de la Cour reposait entièrement sur cette équipe restreinte de personnel permanent, auquel s’ajoutait, selon que de besoin, un personnel temporaire pour faire face au surcroît de travaux linguistiques et de sténodactylographie lors des sessions (publiques et privées) de la Cour. Je me rappelle avoir été frappé par la personnalité haute en couleur de certains de ces traducteurs indépendants, dont la grande culture littéraire m’émerveillait. Cette structure très économique du Greffe impliquait une grande polyvalence de ses membres, et les Secrétaires de la Cour — ses fonctionnaires supérieurs — étaient appelés, en sus de leurs travaux de recherches juridiques, de préparation des documents de la Cour, et de rédaction de la correspondance diplomatique, à assumer eux-mêmes l’essentiel des tâches linguistiques (traduction et interprétation) et d’information, ainsi que la supervision de nombreuses activités administratives et logistiques.
La Grande salle de Justice, l’affaire Relative au Timor Oriental (Portugal c. Australie) Arrêt du 30 juin 1995.
Il n’était nullement rare qu’un nouveau venu comme moi ait à passer week-ends et nuits blanches au Palais de la Paix à effectuer les travaux les plus divers… allant jusqu’à imprimer et polycopier, sur de vieilles machines à stencils ronéotype, des décisions dont la Cour devait donner la lecture en séance publique le lendemain ! Dès mon arrivée au Greffe, j’ai eu le bonheur et le privilège d’être initié et associé à l’ensemble des fonctions de l’institution sous la patiente supervision de personnalités d’exception, tels que MM. Torres Bernárdez et Pillepich, alors respectivement Greffier et Greffier adjoint. J’en ai retiré le plus grand bénéfice, puisque cette immersion sans préparation dans toutes les facettes de l’activité du Greffe m’a permis d’acquérir de ce dernier une connaissance unique — de l’intérieur — et sous tous ses aspects —, un acquis particulièrement précieux au moment où j’ai été amené, bien des années plus tard, à assumer la délicate responsabilité d’en assurer la gestion au plus haut niveau. Devenir un fonctionnaire du Greffe au début des années 1980 signifiait accepter de se couler sans discussion dans un moule à tous égards exigeant, et se donner corps et âme, avec humilité et discrétion, à l’institution, sans penser à soi ni parler de soi. Depuis ces années d’initiation, j’ai été le témoin de profondes transformations de la Cour, rendues inévitables à la fois pour répondre à l’accroissement considérable de ses activités, avec la disparition du monde bipolaire qui avait relégué le règlement judiciaire à un rôle quelque peu marginal, et pour saisir les opportunités nouvelles offertes, notamment, par le progrès des technologies et de la communication. Entre 1982 et aujourd’hui, le nombre de fonctionnaires a ainsi presque triplé (il a quasiment doublé depuis l’an 2000, année de ma première élection en tant que Greffier). L’organisation du travail a été progressivement spécialisée entre les divers départements, juridique, linguistique et chargé de l’information, qui furent créés en 1997, et les services techniques. Par ailleurs, les Membres de la Cour ne disposèrent pas, pendant longtemps, de « référendaires » — ils s’y sont d’ailleurs longtemps refusés—, et l’assistance apportée aux juges en matière judiciaire était principalement répartie entre les fonctionnaires du Département des affaires juridiques.
H.E. Philippe Couvreur avec la Reine Beatrix photo prise pendant le 50 eme anniversaire de la Cour (18-04-1996).
Les cinq premiers postes de juristes référendaires ne furent obtenus de l’Assemblée générale et créés qu’en 2002, à l’issue de difficiles négociations que je me souviens avoir menées avec beaucoup de plaisir et d’intérêt ; le nombre de ces postes s’est progressivement accru, pour s’élever à quinze aujourd’hui. Les divers développements qui ont marqué le monde au cours des dernières décennies n’ont pas manqué de soulever pour la Cour de nouveaux défis. Comme c’est le cas pour toute institution, elle n’a pu les relever en faisant table rase des enseignements de son histoire ni, à l’inverse, en ne saisissant pas toutes les opportunités offertes par le temps présent. A ces différents égards, la Cour est certainement parvenue, au fil des ans, à assurer un équilibre, toujours délicat, entre changements et continuité. La continuité de la Cour est bien sûr inscrite dans son Statut, qui fait partie intégrante de la Charte des Nations Unies, et reflétée dans ses méthodes judiciaires, qui ont été très largement élaborées par sa devancière, la Cour permanente de Justice internationale, et héritées d’elle. Cette continuité historique était particulièrement présente lorsque j’ai rejoint le Greffe. Ainsi, en manière d’anecdote, divers hauts fonctionnaires alors en poste avaient eux-mêmes côtoyé, au début de leur carrière, d’anciens fonctionnaires de la Cour permanente. Tous nourrissaient à l’égard de cette dernière le plus grand respect. Il régnait d’ailleurs dans les couloirs du Palais de la Paix une atmosphère feutrée et délicieusement surannée, évocatrice de la défunte Société des Nations. Je me souviens en avoir encore utilisé maintes fournitures de bureau ! La continuité jurisprudentielle et procédurale entre les deux Cours constitue pour les Etats une garantie importante de sécurité et de prévisibilité juridiques. Cette continuité, juridique et historique, de même que l’expérience accumulée en plus de quatre-vingt-dix ans d’exercice de la fonction judiciaire, sont pour la Cour un facteur crucial de légitimité.
H.E. Philippe Couvreur vec le Roi Willem-Alexander photo prise pendant le 70 eme anniversaire de la Cour (20-04-2016).
En même temps, la Cour a eu, à l’évidence, à s’adapter aux changements du monde réel dans lequel elle opère, comme aux nécessités et opportunités nouvelles de chaque époque traversée. L’une des transformations notoires auxquelles j’ai assisté fut l’ouverture croissante de la Cour sur l’extérieur : longtemps à l’écart, à dessein, des organes politiques des Nations Unies, la Cour a souhaité se faire plus et mieux entendre de ces organes et des Etats membres. Elle a ainsi rompu avec ce qui était parfois perçu comme un « splendide isolement » au sein des Nations Unies, même si elle défend toujours jalousement son autonomie. La Cour doit en outre désormais également tenir compte des nombreuses autres juridictions, internationales ou régionales, qui ont été créées ces dernières années, et veiller, autant que possible, à assurer l’harmonie du « concert judiciaire » que permet ce foisonnement de cours et tribunaux sur la scène internationale. Davantage ouverte sur la communauté internationale et ses réalités, la Cour s’est montrée de plus en plus attentive, non seulement à sa place dans l’Organisation des Nations Unies, mais aussi à la poursuite des objectifs de celle-ci et à sa mission propre au service du règlement pacifique des différends internationaux. Des différends de plus en plus complexes, tant juridiquement que factuellement, en même temps que politiquement plus denses, lui ont été soumis. En révisant constamment, selon que de besoin, ses méthodes de travail, elle a su les résoudre rapidement et efficacement, à un coût particulièrement modeste pour la communauté internationale, tout en assurant le développement du droit. Enfin, pour conclure sur une note plus prosaïque, mais qui est loin d’être négligeable, je ne peux taire la chance que j’ai eue de connaître l’extraordinaire développement de la ville de La Haye au cours des 35 dernières années. Celle-ci offre aujourd’hui à la Cour, comme aux nombreuses institutions internationales qui s’y sont installées à sa suite, une qualité de vie et un cadre de travail uniques, qui sont très loin de ressembler à ce que j’ai trouvé en y arrivant. A l’image de l’imposante stature du Palais de la Paix où elle siège, symbole mondialement connu de la justice internationale, la Cour est une institution solidement établie. En dépit des périodes de doute ou de désaffection qu’elle a traversées par le passé, son rôle est unanimement salué au sein de la communauté internationale et le recours à ses services par les Etats n’a jamais été aussi soutenu. 35 ans après, je continue de mesurer chaque jour le privilège qui est le mien de servir au mieux de mes capacités l’organe judiciaire principal des Nations Unies. —– Les photos dans l’article sont une courtoisie de la Cour International de Justice.

Ambassador Consuelo Femenía Honors Women Leaders in Arts and Diplomacy

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Ambassador Consuelo Femenía Honors Women Leaders in Arts and Diplomacy

On the occasion of International Women’s Day, the Ambassador of Spain to the Netherlands, H.E. Mrs. Consuelo Femenía Guardiola, hosted a distinguished luncheon at her residence in The Hague. The gathering paid tribute to the vital contributions of women in the fields of international relations and cultural diplomacy, bringing together an accomplished group of professionals from across the arts and diplomatic communities.

The event highlighted the remarkable scope and diversity of the participants’ responsibilities. Each guest represented a unique and inspiring journey, combining demanding professional roles with personal commitments and leadership in their respective fields.

Following a warm and engaging reception, guests were invited to introduce themselves, sharing insights into their work, the challenges of balancing professional and family life, and the sources of their inspiration. The conversation evolved into an enriching dialogue, where experiences, perspectives, and practical wisdom were exchanged. Themes such as resilience, leadership, motherhood, and the pursuit of meaningful careers were reflected around the table.

H.E. Ambassador Mrs. Consuelo Femenia Guardiola with her guests.

Ambassador Femenía created an atmosphere of openness, reinforcing the importance of dialogue and mutual understanding among women from diverse backgrounds. This gathering is part of a tradition she has upheld since the beginning of her tenure in the Netherlands—dedicating an annual luncheon to recognize and celebrate the achievements of women across different sectors.

Her initiative continues to build new ties within the international community while honoring the impact of women’s leadership.

Participants included:

  • Ms. Mayelinne De Lara, Publisher of Diplomat Magazine
  • H.E. Madeleine Liguemoh Ondoua, Ambassador of Cameroon
  • H.E. Odette Melono, Deputy Director-General of the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
  • Ms. Virginia Pablos, Amsterdam Spanish Film Festival
  • H.E. Lizeth Pena, Ambassador of Angola
  • Ms. Gabriella Sancisi, Director of Protocol and Host Country Affairs, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands
  • Ms. Helene Stergiou, Foreign Affairs Advisor and Defence Coordinator
  • H.E. Bibi van Zuylen van Nijevelt, Mistress of the Robes of the Royal Household of the Netherlands
  • Ms. Leontien Wiering, General Director of Amare
  • Ms. Marion Wolff, Director of STRAAT Museum

When Information is no Longer Enough: Intelligence and the Degradation of Strategic Truth

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When Information is no Longer Enough: Intelligence and the Degradation of Strategic Truth

“The greatest enemy of knowledge is not ignorance, but the illusion of knowledge.”
— Daniel J. Boorstin

By Major General (Two Stars) (retd) Corneliu Pivariu

In the current context, characterized by strategic complexity and narrative competition, the role of intelligence can no longer be assessed exclusively through the lens of information collection, but through its capacity to support decision-making based on an unaltered evaluation of reality.

The relationship between the politico-military elite and the intelligence community represents one of the critical nodes of state functioning in the security domain. Within this space, not only is information produced, but what may be called strategic truth is constructed—a form of knowledge that is inherently incomplete, probabilistic, and permanently subjected to political and narrative pressure.

Intelligence does not provide certainties, and the politico-military elite (PME) is not merely a passive recipient. Between the two lies an essential process: the transformation of information into strategic courses of action. The quality of this process ultimately determines the quality of political decision-making.

Intelligence as the Raw Material of Decision-Making

The fundamental function of intelligence is to reduce uncertainty, not eliminate it. No intelligence community, regardless of available resources, can provide a complete and definitive picture of strategic reality. Assessments are probabilistic, scenarios are conditional, and warnings are often uncomfortable.

Within this framework, the PME occupies a critical intermediary position. It must interpret information, correlate it with political, military, economic, and alliance dimensions, and transform it into intelligible courses of action. This process is not mechanical; it requires professional judgment, experience, and risk assumption.

In most cases, the problem does not arise from a lack of information, but from how it is used. When intelligence becomes a justificatory backdrop or, conversely, is perceived as a threat to a pre-existing political agenda, the decision-making process degrades and strategic truth becomes distorted.

Strategic Truth: Nature and Limits

Strategic truth is not an objective truth in the classical sense, but an operational construct resulting from the aggregation of incomplete information, competing interpretations, and political and institutional constraints.

It is neither fixed nor definitive. It is dynamic, revisable, and dependent on the institutional capacity to integrate information and to correct initial assumptions. The difference between a high-performing state and a vulnerable one lies not in access to information, but in the ability to construct and maintain a strategic truth as close to reality as possible.

In this sense, strategic truth is not given—it is produced. And the process through which it is produced becomes itself a critical variable of national security.

The Political Filtering of Information

One of the most frequent failures of the strategic decision-making process is not the absence of information, but its biased selection.

In most cases, relevant information exists, but it is filtered: data that confirms already assumed political options is privileged, while contradictory information is marginalized or reinterpreted. This is not necessarily falsification, but a subtle and systematic distortion.

This process may be defined as a form of politicization of strategic truth, in which the evaluation of reality is adapted to the decision objective, rather than the reverse.

Under these conditions, intelligence loses its warning function, and strategic decision-making becomes an exercise in validation, not orientation.

At this point, the PME becomes the critical link. It can function either as a protective filter of strategic truth or as a mechanism for adapting it to the political preferences of the moment.

Its role is not merely to organize information, but to decide what reaches the level of political decision and in what form. Responsibility thus becomes structural, not merely technical.

PME: Beneficiary or Obstacle to Strategic Truth

The quality of a politico-military elite is reflected in its relationship with strategic truth.

A mature PME treats intelligence as a critical resource, encourages analytical pluralism, and accepts professional disagreement as a normal component of the decision-making process. It understands that repeated warnings, even if they do not immediately materialize, are not failures, but expressions of strategic prudence.

By contrast, a defensive or politicized PME tends to penalize analysis that contradicts the dominant line. In such contexts, analytical self-censorship emerges: analysts avoid uncomfortable scenarios in order not to be perceived as alarmist or disloyal.

A PME that penalizes uncomfortable analysis not only reduces its performance but loses its fundamental strategic function. Instead of protecting the state from surprise, it becomes a mechanism of self-confirmation.

Lessons from Recent Failures

The experience of recent conflicts and crises[1] reveals a constant pattern: strategic surprise does not occur because intelligence has completely failed, but because warnings were not integrated into the decision-making process. The problem is not the absence of signals, but the inability to transform them into decisions.

Early warning signals exist, but they are ignored, reinterpreted as improbable, or adapted to an already established narrative.

Each time, the PME stands at the center of this process. It decides which information is considered relevant, how it is framed, and what options are built around it. Responsibility is both strategic and moral, even when it is not formally sanctioned.

The Tension Between Loyalty and Honesty

The relationship between PME and intelligence is marked by a structural tension between institutional loyalty and analytical honesty.

Loyalty to the state and to political leadership is essential. But when loyalty is reinterpreted as the obligation to confirm political expectations, it becomes a form of strategic irresponsibility.

Institutional loyalty must not be confused with analytical conformism.

When critical analysis is discouraged or penalized, intelligence loses its warning function, and the PME becomes an instrument of validation rather than strategic protection. The ability to uphold uncomfortable truths becomes, in this context, a strategic resource in itself.

Strategic Truth in the Era of Narrative Competition

In the current context, strategic truth is subject to an additional pressure: global narrative competition.

Information is no longer only evaluated internally but is integrated into a space of perception confrontation, where legitimacy, morality, and credibility become strategic weapons. The PME must distinguish between the need to protect sensitive information and the temptation to adapt reality to a desired public narrative.

The greatest risk is not external manipulation, but strategic self-deception.

When narrative becomes more important than realistic assessment, the state begins to operate on the basis of a constructed reality rather than an existing one. Under such conditions, strategic error is no longer accidental, but inevitable.

The role of the PME is to maintain a functional separation between communication and analysis, between public messaging and internal assessment. Confusion between the two inevitably degrades decision quality.

Conclusion

The relationship between the politico-military elite and the intelligence community is not merely technical, but fundamental to the functioning of the state.

States do not fail because they lack information, but because they are unable to accept the truth contained within it.

A mature PME leverages warnings, protects analytical pluralism, and accepts uncertainty as a structural element of decision-making. A PME that filters, sanitizes, or instrumentalizes information dramatically reduces its strategic relevance.

Ultimately, the quality of a politico-military elite is measured not only by professional competence, but by its ability to protect strategic truth—even when it contradicts the interests, perceptions, or political comfort of the moment.

The fundamental issue is not whether states possess sufficient information, but whether they are capable of using it without distorting it. In this sense, strategic truth becomes not only a product of intelligence, but a condition for the functioning of the state.

Brașov, March 19, 2026

[1] Recent examples of dysfunctions in the relationship between intelligence, the politico-military elite, and political decision-making illustrate the structural nature of the problem:

In the case of the intervention in Iraq (2003), intelligence regarding the existence of weapons of mass destruction was profoundly distorted in the decision-making process. Subsequent investigations showed that intelligence assessments were selectively used, reinterpreted, and, in some cases, presented in a manner that supported an already formed political option. The problem was not merely one of analytical error, but of the deliberate adaptation of information to a political objective, which compromised the integrity of the strategic decision-making process.

In the context of Afghanistan (2021), numerous intelligence community assessments signaled the institutional fragility of the Afghan state and its dependence on external support. Nevertheless, the pace and form of the withdrawal indicated a discrepancy between existing assessments and the way they were integrated into political decision-making, leading to the rapid collapse of the previously supported system.

In the case of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (2022), warnings regarding the imminence of the conflict existed and were communicated, including publicly, by certain Western states. However, at the European level, part of the political and analytical elites assessed the risk as low or unlikely, highlighting the difficulty of integrating scenarios perceived as having low probability but high strategic impact.

These examples indicate that strategic failures do not predominantly derive from the absence of information, but from the way in which it is filtered, reinterpreted, or adapted within the decision-making process.

Recent developments in Iran (2026) provide an additional example of these dysfunctions, still in the process of clarification. The sequence of precision strikes against sensitive objectives and command levels suggests the existence of significant vulnerabilities in information protection and risk assessment. In this case, the issue does not appear to be the absence of signals, but the difficulty of correctly assessing the extent of adversarial penetration and integrating these assessments into the decision-making process. Thus, the distortion of strategic truth does not necessarily arise as the result of deliberate intervention, but as an effect of limitations in the capacity for interpretation and anticipation.

These examples, drawn from different strategic contexts, indicate that strategic failures do not predominantly derive from the absence of information, but from the way in which it is filtered, reinterpreted, or adapted within the decision-making process.

“Elegy of Eternal Echoes”: A Cultural Evening at the Grote Kerk in The Hague

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“Elegy of Eternal Echoes”: A Cultural Evening at the Grote Kerk in The Hague

H.E. Mr. Mammad Ahmadzada, Ambassador of the Republic of Azerbaijan to the Kingdom of the Netherlands, hosted a distinguished classical music concert entitled “Elegy of Eternal Echoes” at the historic Grote Kerk in The Hague.

The concert featured the acclaimed Chamber Ensemble I Bricconcello, which presented a rich repertoire of masterpieces by renowned Azerbaijani and international composers. The ensemble brought together exceptional musicians: violinist Timotej Willewaldt, cellist and founder Pierluigi Ruggiero, and pianist Alexandra Di Gennaro—virtuosos whose performances reflect both technical excellence and artistic depth. Their program ranged from great classical works to compositions influenced by popular music and contemporary classical traditions.

Chamber Ensemble I Bricconcello

With an extensive international career, I Bricconcello has performed in numerous tours, festivals, and concerts across Italy, Hungary, Slovenia, Croatia, Serbia, Germany, Lithuania, Poland, the Netherlands, Brazil, Saudi Arabia, and Azerbaijan. The ensemble has enjoyed over fifteen years of artistic collaboration with Azerbaijan, strengthened during Ambassador Ahmadzada’s tenure in Italy, where he initiated and supported several cultural projects and concerts in both countries—creating a lasting artistic bridge.

The evening’s repertoire included iconic pieces such as themes from La Forza del Destino and Schindler’s List, alongside celebrated Azerbaijani compositions, including selections from Seven Beauties by Gara Garayev, works by Sevda Ibrahimova, and Shusha by Farhad Badalbeyli.

Bricconcello’s founder, Pierluigi Ruggiero, pianist Alexandra Di Gennaro and violinist Timotej Willewaldt.

In his remarks, Ambassador Ahmadzada expressed his appreciation to the distinguished guests attending the concert and reflected on the significance of cultural diplomacy. Held during the holy month of Ramadan, the evening symbolized the unifying power of music beyond borders and promoted mutual respect and understanding through the universal language of culture.

Ambassadors from numerous countries, members of the diplomatic community, and Dutch friends of Azerbaijan attended the event. The concert was followed by light refreshments, allowing guests to continue the exchange in a warm and convivial atmosphere.

Sweden’s queen honoured by NRW Premier Wüst

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Sweden’s queen honoured by NRW Premier Wüst

Monday, 23 March 2026, Düsseldorf, North-Rhine-Westphalia, Germany: Premier Hendrik Wüst welcomed Her Majesty Queen Silvia of Sweden to the State Chancellery of North Rhine-Westphalia for a meeting. The discussion focused on the Queen’s social commitment, particularly her dedication to child protection, as well as the relationship between North Rhine-Westphalia and Sweden.

Nathanael Liminski, Minister for Federal and European Affairs, International Relations, and Media, and Head of the State Chancellery, also participated in the meeting. Queen Silvia was accompanied to the State Chancellery by Ambassador Veronika Wand-Danielsson. This was the Swedish Queen’s first official visit to the State Chancellery.

As per a statement issued in the German-language linked below, Premier Hendrik Wüst said: “For decades, Queen Silvia has impressively demonstrated the power of social commitment. With great empathy, leadership, and international appeal, she tirelessly champions the most vulnerable members of our society – especially children who have been victims of violence and abuse.

Through the World Childhood Foundation, she has created structures worldwide that provide affected children with protection, a voice, and new perspectives. Her commitment is also very tangible in North Rhine-Westphalia: The Childhood House in Düsseldorf exemplifies how her initiative brings people together and ensures that help reaches those who need it most. For us in North Rhine-Westphalia, it is a particular honor that Queen Silvia has been connected to our state and especially the city of Düsseldorf since her school days. Her decades of work are an outstanding example of how responsibility, humanity, and solidarity can bring about concrete change. For this extraordinary life’s work, she deserves our deepest respect and our heartfelt thanks.”

Ambassador Veronika Wand-Danielsson and Premier Hendrik Wüst. Picture by Land NRW, Martin Götz

Her Majesty Queen Silvia has visited North Rhine-Westphalia on several occasions and has maintained close ties to the state for many years. Among other things, in 2009 she opened a dementia ward run by the Order of Malta at the Hildegardis Hospital in Cologne, based on the “Silviahemmet” model she initiated. In 2016, she was awarded the Benedict Prize in Mönchengladbach for her social commitment and also visited the North Rhine-Westphalia State Parliament. Her connection to Düsseldorf is particularly strong: after her family moved from Brazil to the state capital in 1957, she graduated from the Luisenschule in 1963.

A key focus of her international work is the protection of children from violence and abuse. In 1999, Queen Silvia founded the World Childhood Foundation. The Childhood House model also emerged from this initiative. The Childhood House Düsseldorf was established in 2020 and is now supported by the Ministry of the Interior of North Rhine-Westphalia. In these facilities, police, medical professionals, psychologists, and the judiciary work together in an interdisciplinary manner to provide the most sensitive care possible for affected children. Besides Düsseldorf, the children’s shelter in Bonn, which opened in 2025, also follows this approach.

Bilateral ties between Sweden and NRW 
North Rhine-Westphalia and Sweden maintain diverse political, economic, and professional ties. Sweden is also an important trading partner of North Rhine-Westphalia, ranking 14th among the state’s trading partners. Around 460 Swedish companies – including Ericsson, IKEA, and Sandvik – are based in North Rhine-Westphalia.

Approximately 4,500 Swedes live in the state, representing about one-third of all Swedish citizens living in Germany. Furthermore, eight town twinning arrangements and around 30 school partnerships connect North Rhine-Westphalia and Sweden.

For further information

State Chancellery of North Rhine-Westphalia: https://www.land.nrw/pressemitteilung/ministerpraesident-wuest-empfaengt-ihre-majestaet-koenigin-silvia-von-schweden

The Rise of Caribbean Cruise Port Investment

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The Rise of Caribbean Cruise Port Investment

By Silas Cooper

Cruise tourism has become one of the most powerful catalysts for infrastructure investment in the Caribbean. As the world’s leading cruise region, capturing roughly 35–40 percent of global itineraries. The Caribbean relies heavily on cruise arrivals to support national economies, stimulate tourism spending, and attract private capital. Increasingly, cruise ports are viewed not merely as transport assets but as strategic tourism platforms capable of reshaping waterfront districts and driving broader urban redevelopment.

Thesis: As cruise lines deploy larger vessels and expand vertically into destination development, Caribbean ports are emerging as a critical infrastructure asset class within the region’s tourism economy.

Global Demand and Regional Positioning

Major operators such as Carnival Corporation, Royal Caribbean Group, and Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings deploy many of their largest ships on Caribbean routes. These vessels, often carrying more than 6,000 passengers require deeper harbors, expanded berths, and efficient passenger processing facilities. Ports unable to accommodate mega‑ships risk losing traffic to destinations with modernized infrastructure, making port redevelopment a strategic priority for governments and investors.

Cruise tourism generates billions in regional economic activity through port fees, passenger spending, excursions, and tourism employment. For many island states, cruise arrivals serve as both an economic lifeline and a marketing channel that encourages repeat visitation as land‑based tourists.

Nassau: A Model for Port Transformation

The redevelopment of Nassau Cruise Port illustrates the scale and impact of modern cruise infrastructure investment. The more than $300 million project expanded berthing capacity, upgraded passenger terminals, and introduced integrated retail and entertainment spaces. The port can now host three Oasis‑class ships simultaneously and welcomes over six million passengers annually. Operated through a public‑private partnership led by Global Ports Holding, Nassau demonstrates how international investors are increasingly shaping Caribbean port modernization.

Regional Expansion and Private Destinations

Across the Caribbean, governments and private operators are investing heavily in new terminals, berth expansions, and tourism‑oriented port districts. Projects such as Taíno Bay in Puerto Plata reflect a regional push to accommodate larger vessels and enhance visitor experiences. Cruise companies are also accelerating investment in private destinations such as Royal Caribbean’s CocoCay, allowing them to capture more passenger spending and exert greater control over the tourism value chain. This trend presents both opportunities and policy considerations for host governments.

Implications for Tourism Capital

Modern cruise ports function as tourism multipliers. High passenger volumes support retail districts, transportation services, excursion operators, and hospitality development. Ports that can efficiently process large numbers of visitors are better positioned to attract private investment, stimulate waterfront redevelopment, and anchor mixed‑use tourism districts.

Cruise tourism will remain central to Caribbean economic development. Continued growth in global cruise demand and vessel size will drive further port modernization and public‑private investment. While opportunities are significant, governments must also consider climate resilience, revenue distribution, and sustainable visitor management. Ports that combine capacity, efficiency, and integrated tourism experiences will be best positioned to capture long‑term value in the evolving cruise economy.

About the author: Mr. Silas Cooper, is the Honorary Consul of the Commonwealth of The Bahamas to the Kingdom of The Netherlands

Cuba Marks 67th Revolution Anniversary in The Hague

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Cuba Marks 67th Revolution Anniversary in The Hague

On the occasion of the 67th anniversary of the Triumph of the Revolution, the Ambassador of Cuba, H.E. Mrs. Eva Yelina Silva Walker, hosted a well-attended reception at the embassy in The Hague.

Ambassadors from numerous countries were present, alongside members of the Cuban diaspora and friends of Cuba, filling every room of the embassy in a spirit of solidarity and friendship.

In her address, Ambassador Silva Walker recalled the historic significance of January 1, 1959, noting that the Revolution “opened a path of profound changes in all areas of the nation.” Quoting Fidel Castro, she reflected: “The joy is immense. And yet, there is still much to be done… perhaps everything will be more difficult from now on.” She added that, sixty-seven years later, Cuba has indeed faced “multiple challenges,” which have strengthened the country’s resilience and its commitment to “defend the self-determination and sovereignty” it has achieved.

Head of Palestinian Mission, H.E. Mr. Ammar M.B. Hijazi, H.E. Mr. Hector Constant-Rosales, Ambassador of Venezuela to the Multilateral Organizations in The Hague, H.E. Mr. Arnoldo Brenes Castro, Ambassador of Costa Rica, H.E. Mr. Bo Shen, Ambassador of the People’s Republic of China, H.E. Mr. Syed Haider Shah, Ambassador of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, H.E. Mr. Vusi Madonsela, Ambassador of South Africa, H.E. Mr. Lambert Dushimimana, Ambassador of Rwanda and H.E. Mr. Vladimir Tarabrin, Ambassador of Russia.

“We do not forget the events of Playa Girón, the October Crisis, the criminal blockade, the slanderous media campaigns, the Torricelli and Helms-Burton laws, or the unjust inclusion of Cuba on the spurious list of state sponsors of terrorism.” Ambassador expressed during her speech.

The Ambassador also underlined the lasting impact of external pressures and the oil embargo stating that Cuba remains mindful of the “incalculable social, economic, emotional, and psychological impact” of restrictive measures, while reaffirming that the country continues to stand for “social justice and the full dignity of human beings,” as enshrined in its 2019 Constitution.

H.E. Mrs Consuelo Femenia Guardiola, Ambassador of Spain, H.E. Ms. Rocio Maneiro, Ambassador of Venezuela, Minister Plenipotentiary of Sint Maarten, H.E. Dr. Gracita Arrindell, H.E. Mrs. Sahar Ghanem, Ambassador of Yemen and Dean of the Diplomatic Corps, H.E. Ms. Franca Deza Ferreccio, Ambassador of Peru, H.E. Dr. Carolina Olarte Bacares, Ambassador of Colombia, H.E. Ms. Sally Loo Hui, Ambassador of Panama and H.E. Ms. Carmen Moreno Toscano, Ambassador of Mexico.

At the international level, she emphasized Cuba’s commitment to multilateralism, respect for international law, and the principles of the United Nations Charter, while reiterating its willingness to pursue dialogue and the peaceful resolution of differences.

Highlighting bilateral ties, Ambassador Silva Walker noted that relations between Cuba and the Netherlands, spanning more than 120 years, have been marked by “mutual respect, dialogue, diplomacy, cooperation, and trade for mutual benefit.”

She also expressed appreciation for continued international support and growing solidarity initiatives in the Netherlands. “We are sincerely grateful for the support for the Cuban resolution against the blockade at the UN, which has been maintained for several years. The founding of the Solidarity Network with Cuba in the Netherlands has been a major achievement in 2025. It demonstrates the increase in support for our country among the Dutch population.”

H.E. Mrs. Eva Yelina Silva Walker welcoming the Secretary General of the International Court of Arbitration, H.E. Dr. Marcin Czepelack.

“In the face of so much hostility towards Cuba, love and hope prevail,” she concluded, inviting guests to enjoy the evening’s celebration.

The reception concluded with a warm and graceful atmosphere, as  Cuban artists brought the rhythm and joyful essence of Cuban culture to the embassy, delighting guests and capturing the spirit of the occasion.

Zhejiang Seaport Group Holds MPF Promotional Seminar in Rotterdam

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Zhejiang Seaport Group Holds MPF Promotional Seminar in Rotterdam

On the afternoon of March 20, the Maritime Silk Road Port Cooperation Forum (MPF) Promotional Seminar was successfully held in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. The Seminar aimed to establish an efficient communication platform for port, shipping, and logistics cooperation between Asia and Europe, leveraging port-shipping synergy to empower the development of Zhejiang into a high-level open province.

The event brought together representatives from the port, shipping, logistics, and new energy sectors across Western Europe, including the Netherlands, Germany, and Belgium, creating a vibrant atmosphere for exchange. Mr. Zhu Miao, General Manager of Zhejiang Seaport Group and Ningbo Zhoushan Port Group, attended and chaired the Seminar.

Attendees to the Maritime Silk Road Port Cooperation Forum (MPF) Promotional Seminar.

Zhu Miao noted that the Port of Rotterdam and Ningbo Zhoushan Port not only share geographical similarities and complementary business models but also have a deep history of cooperation and broad potential for collaboration.

Gathering now in Rotterdam to foster friendship, discuss cooperation, and pursue shared development, the event not only showcased the achievements of Zhejiang Seaport Group but also built a broad consensus on openness and collaboration, yielding numerous valuable opportunities for partnership.

During the Seminar, the Secretariat of MPF provided a comprehensive overview of the Forum’s development history and platform value, along with details on the preparations and activity arrangements for the MPF 2026 under its theme “Resilient Synergy, Shared Prosperity,” extending a warm invitation to all attendees. The Production Safety Department of Zhejiang Seaport Group and Ningbo Zhoushan Port Group highlighted the port’s capabilities, shipping network, logistics facilities, and achievements in green and smart port development. During the Q&A session, they also provided detailed answers on topics including the Arctic Route and green shipping corridors.

The Maritime Silk Road Port Cooperation Forum (MPF) Promotional Seminar, Rotterdam, March 2026.

This Promotional Seminar served as a key stop in the global series of MPF 2026 promotion. It was also a targeted matchmaking initiative for the Western European region, comprehensively showcasing the development strengths and cooperation opportunities of Ningbo Zhoushan Port.

Schilderswijk Correspondents Dinner 2026

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Schilderswijk Correspondents Dinner 2026

By Roy Lie Atjam

The Hague, 13 March 2026. The evening commenced with humor from former State Secretary for Finance, Nora Achahbar, now an SBBIS ambassador promoting a positive image of the international community. Organized by Stichting BewonersBedrijf In de Schilderswijk-SBBIS under the direction of  Mr. Itai Cohn, the event featured Sjaak Bral, the MC. of the Correspondents’ Dinner, who brought lively entertainment. The Social Hub in Schilderswijk was filled with notable attendees, including

Mr. Jozias van Aartsen, former mayor of The Hague and Minister of Foreign Affairs, has played a crucial role in breaking down the city’s ‘invisible walls’ and empowering residents. The Hague Bridge (Haagse brug) was key to these efforts. Now serving as SBBIS ambassador, he continues to enhance the city’s international relations and shape public perception.

Other attendees included Mr. Andrew van Esch, a seasoned organizer of diplomatic events, Mr Hans Huizer, the former rector of the Johan de Witt Scholengroep, has a remarkable track record. Dr Hanan El Marroun a Professor of Biological Psychology at Erasmus University Rotterdam.

The Schilderswijk Correspondents’ Dinner stands as a vital local political event in Schilderswijk, drawing inspiration from the American Correspondents’ Dinner. This is not a case of folly; it is a celebration purposefully crafted to meet the needs and culture of our community

During this event, local politicians humorously roast each other, revealing the personalities behind their political roles and making politics more relatable for residents.

The first dinner was held on March 9, 2018, at the Samson Youth Centre, hosted by comedian Sjaak Bral, who led engaging sketches performed by politicians. The event returned in 2022, again hosted by Bral, and was broadcast on TV West. It draws both local and national media, fostering a vital connection to the community as residents prepare to vote. The Schilderswijk Correspondents Dinner was held in the decisive days leading up to the municipal elections on March 18, 2026.

Mr Tahsin Çetinkaya.Picture by Eveline van Egdom.

What an incredible evening spent among a diverse and vibrant group of people in a dynamic neighborhood! In these polarized times, it is essential to engage with one another as human beings. The night was filled with sharp roasts, some clearly more impactful than others. Janet Ramesar, who holds the second position on the SP ticket, didn’t hold back in her playful critiques of every party present, including Hart voor Den Haag. She boldly stated, “I see posters everywhere with ‘and now De Mos,’ but with a different face each time. It certainly confuses me. We’ll see after the elections how many people are shocked to discover that this De Mos isn’t a Turkish or Indian man. By the end of the evening, a  jury, together with the audience, decisively named Janet Ramesar the champion of the roasts. She rightfully claimed a special trophy for her outstanding performance.

Without a doubt, Janet Ramesar was the true winner of the night, completely captivating the audience with her wit.

This event served as a powerful reminder that democracy goes beyond politics; it encompasses the strength of community and the importance of connection.

Dominican Independence Celebrated with Music in Berlin

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Dominican Independence Celebrated with Music in Berlin

The Embassy of the Dominican Republic in Germany marked the 182nd Anniversary of National Independence with an exceptional solo concert by renowned Dominican pianist and composer Michel Camilo at the Konzerthaus Berlin on 6 March 2026.

The celebration gathered members of the diplomatic corps, German national and local authorities, representatives of the Dominican community, and distinguished guests from the cultural, academic, and business sectors. Among the notable attendees were Deputy Minister of Tourism Promotion and Development Tammy Reynoso, alongside senior representatives of Banco de Reservas, reflecting the strong commitment of Dominican institutions to enhancing the country’s international presence and fostering strategic partnerships.

In her welcoming remarks, H.E. Ambassador Joseline Pujol highlighted that the commemoration honours the historic events of 27 February 1844, underscoring the consolidation of Dominican national identity and its enduring commitment to freedom, democracy, and development. She emphasized that “culture, and music in particular, constitute a universal language that strengthens ties and promotes mutual understanding among peoples.”

Dominican Republic 182nd anniversary in Berlin.

Strong Tourism and Economic Ties

Relations between both countries continue to deepen, particularly through tourism and trade. Approximately 200,000 German tourists visit the Dominican Republic each year, making Germany one of the country’s leading European tourism markets.

Bilateral trade remains steady. According to recent figures:

  • German exports to the Dominican Republic amount to €436 million
  • Imports from the Dominican Republic total €288 million
  • Germany maintains a trade surplus of approximately €148 million

German exports are led by automobiles and auto parts, machinery, and chemical products, while the Dominican Republic exports primarily agricultural goods, including bananas, cocoa, and coffee.

H.E. Ms. Serap Güler, State Secretary at the German Federal Foreign Office.

A Partnership Looking Forward

The event also featured remarks by H.E. Ms. Serap Güler, State Secretary at the German Federal Foreign Office, who praised the Dominican Republic’s achievements and reaffirmed the strength of bilateral relations. She noted: “I congratulate your nation on its political, economic, social, and cultural achievements. Let us celebrate the progress of the Dominican Republic, the strength of our partnership, and the many opportunities that lie ahead.”

During the evening, Maestro Camilo delivered a captivating performance featuring works such as “From Within” and “St. Thomas” by Sonny Rollins, alongside his own compositions and collaborations, including pieces with Juan Luis Guerra. The program blended virtuosity with Caribbean identity, offering a powerful expression of cultural dialogue.

With this celebration, the Embassy reaffirmed its commitment to cultural diplomacy as a strategic instrument to strengthen the Dominican Republic’s presence in Europe and to further consolidate a bilateral relationship grounded in cooperation and mutual respect.

Global Tensions and the Strait of Hormuz Crisis: A Geostrategic Analysis

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Global Tensions and the Strait of Hormuz Crisis: A Geostrategic Analysis

By Qazi Zaheer Ahmad

The Strait of Hormuz, one of the world’s most critical maritime chokepoints, has once again become the focal point of global security concerns. Recent escalations between Iran and Israel, coupled with U.S. and European responses, have created a volatile environment that threatens not only regional stability but also the broader international order. This article examines the unfolding crisis, the positions of key actors, and the implications for global energy security and geopolitics.

The Strategic Importance of the Strait of Hormuz

The Strait of Hormuz is a narrow passage connecting the Persian Gulf with the Arabian Sea. Approximately one-fifth of the world’s oil supply passes through this corridor, making it indispensable for global energy markets. Any disruption in its security has immediate consequences for oil prices, shipping routes, and international trade.

The United States has emphasized that securing the Strait is not merely a regional issue but a global imperative. American officials have warned that failure to act collectively could undermine NATO’s credibility and weaken the alliance’s future. Talks are reportedly underway with at least seven countries to coordinate efforts aimed at reopening the Strait and ensuring safe passage for oil tankers and commercial vessels.

U.S. Pressure on China

China’s dependence on the Strait of Hormuz is particularly significant, as nearly 90% of its oil imports transit through this route. Recognizing this vulnerability, Washington has urged Beijing to cooperate in securing the Strait. Some American officials have even suggested that if China refuses, a planned summit between the U.S. and Chinese presidents could be postponed. This linkage of energy security with diplomatic engagement underscores the high stakes involved.

U.S. authorities also argue that once military operations in Iran subside, oil prices could stabilize and potentially decline. This expectation reflects the broader economic dimension of the crisis, where energy markets are directly tied to geopolitical developments.

Japan’s Cautious Approach

Japan, another major energy importer, has adopted a cautious stance. Prime Minister Senai Takachi has made it clear that Tokyo will not deploy naval forces to protect oil tankers in the Strait of Hormuz. She stressed that Japan must act within its constitutional and legal boundaries, while continuing to monitor the situation and consider possible measures.

This position reflects Japan’s longstanding pacifist orientation and its reluctance to become militarily entangled in Middle Eastern conflicts. Instead, Tokyo appears to be relying on diplomatic channels and multilateral frameworks to safeguard its energy interests.

Europe’s Divided Response

European nations are similarly divided. Some officials argue that the European naval mission in the Red Sea has already failed to achieve its objectives, and therefore a similar mission in the Strait of Hormuz would be ineffective. France’s defense minister has explicitly stated that as long as tensions remain high, France will not send warships to the Strait.

This divergence highlights Europe’s struggle to balance solidarity with the United States against skepticism about military interventions in the Middle East. Earlier, President Donald Trump had urged European allies to join a collective effort to secure the Strait, but the response has been lukewarm.

Iran’s Defiant Position

Iran has categorically rejected calls for a ceasefire, insisting that it is in a stronger position than before. Iranian leaders argue that negotiations with the United States are meaningless while attacks against Iran continue. They maintain that until President Trump declares the war illegal, Iran will persist in its resistance.

This defiance reflects Iran’s broader strategy of projecting strength and resilience in the face of external pressure. By refusing to compromise, Tehran seeks to reinforce its domestic legitimacy and regional influence.

Escalation Between Iran and Israel

The most intense clashes have occurred between Iran and Israel. In the past 24 hours alone, Iranian missile strikes have injured at least 198 people in Israel, with many in critical condition. Tel Aviv and other cities have suffered significant destruction, including damaged buildings, vehicles, and widespread fires.

Iran claims to have targeted key Israeli military and administrative centers using advanced ballistic missiles such as Sejjil and Kheibar Shekan. These attacks demonstrate Iran’s capability to strike deep into Israeli territory and escalate the conflict beyond localized skirmishes.

Regional Spillover: Gulf and Middle East Attacks

The conflict has spilled over into neighboring countries. In Baghdad, a missile or drone attack near the U.S. embassy was intercepted by American defense systems. Near Dubai Airport, a drone strike ignited a fuel tank, though authorities quickly contained the fire without casualties.

Saudi Arabia reported destroying 37 drones within an hour, underscoring the scale of aerial threats in the region. Kuwait also experienced missile and drone attacks, with Italy confirming that a U.S.-Italian military base was hit. An Italian-controlled aircraft was destroyed, though the crew survived.

These incidents illustrate how the conflict is destabilizing the broader Gulf region, threatening both military installations and civilian infrastructure.

Civilian Casualties in Iran and Lebanon

Civilian populations have borne a heavy burden. Iranian media report that U.S. and Israeli strikes have hit residential areas in several cities. In one city, four civilians were killed; in another, one person died and seven were injured. In Khomein, a school was damaged, though fortunately no lives were lost.

Lebanon has also suffered extensively. According to the Lebanese Ministry of Health, Israeli strikes since March have killed 850 people, including women and children. This toll highlights the humanitarian dimension of the crisis, where non-combatants are increasingly caught in the crossfire.

Implications for Global Security

The crisis in the Strait of Hormuz has far-reaching implications:

  • Energy Security: Disruptions threaten global oil supplies and could trigger price spikes, affecting economies worldwide.
  • Alliance Cohesion: NATO’s credibility is at stake if member states fail to act collectively.
  • Regional Stability: The spread of attacks to Iraq, the UAE, Saudi Arabia, and Kuwait indicates a widening conflict that could engulf the entire Middle East.
  • Humanitarian Concerns: Civilian casualties in Iran and Lebanon underscore the urgent need for de-escalation and protection of non-combatants.

The unfolding crisis in the Strait of Hormuz represents a convergence of military conflict, energy security, and geopolitical rivalry. The United States seeks to rally allies, China faces pressure to act, Japan and Europe remain cautious, and Iran stands defiant. Meanwhile, Israel and neighboring states are experiencing direct attacks, with civilians suffering the most.

The situation demands urgent international attention. Without coordinated action, the Strait of Hormuz could remain a flashpoint for global instability, with consequences extending far beyond the Middle East. The challenge lies in balancing military deterrence with diplomatic engagement, ensuring energy security while preventing further humanitarian tragedy.

About the Author:

Qazi Zaheer Ahmad is a retired senior civil servant (BS-21) of the Government of Pakistan with over thirty years of experience in governance, public administration, and policy implementation. After qualifying the Central Superior Services (CSS) examination in 1991, he served in key administrative and development roles and represented Pakistan at various international platforms. He holds an M.Phil in Rural Development from the Netherlands and now writes on geopolitics, regional security, governance, and strategic affairs.

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